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At the same time, academic analyses also demonstrated the huge strides that EU has made in its social policy -- far more than it original intended or than its original objectives were, and that, by doing so, it has transcended the purely intergovernmental realm both in terms of decision-making procedures in terms of social partner participation. However, the practical significance of these events still remains unclear and under-researched. This may be due to the fact that the EU and its social policies are too recent an issue to have a clear consensus on as yet, and that perspective depends on the specific historical period.
The Europeanization of national social policies proceeds in two directions: 1. Direct effects that ensure from implementation of its social polices; 2. Indirect effects that ensure from non-extant EU measures and from effects of various market-making policies on social issues. Academic research has only dealt in a very peripheral and insufficient manner with both.
As regards direct effects, examples of studies include gender equality; the implementation and effects of the Equal Pay Directive; EU's social provisions on improving driver's safety; a few in-depth studies on domestic Europeanization process in open method of coordination (OMC); and labor law -- which is the crux of EU social policy regulation. Results, in general, reveal the same pattern: implementation of EU social...
Debates over EU policy -- both direct and indirect -- have also reflected the economics of the times. In the 1980s, lacking competences and scarce activities in the EU were feared but meanwhile international economic liberalization has made the EU emerge in a better light as potentially offering a solution to the problems of globalization.
As regards academic research coverage of these topics, greater output has been focused on description, and too little has emerged about the direct and indirect results of EU policy. This is due to three reasons: 1. The lack of funding for large empirical projects; 2. The distribution of researchers in various counties with political conditions discouraging them from forming the tight coordination that is necessary for empirical research; and, 3. Methodological difficulties that include the need to differentiate EU-induced changes from national reforms.
Falkner concludes that, despite the difficulties, more reliable empirical research on EU social policy, as distinguished from national policy is needed, and less of the wordy descriptive…
D.) Case studies are in essence external detailed investigations of an individual, group or an institution. (MODULE R14.QUALITATIVE RESEARCH) As a method it enables the researcher to uncover and explore variables and factors that each individual case study reveals -- and this in turn adds to the overall perception and understanding of the topic or issue under investigation. Case studies also differ from more statistical and quantifiable methods of inquiry in
The latter was to be measured against both high culture distance destinations and low culture distance destinations. The specific attributes being measured were extroversion, spouse support, job and community tenure and company relocation policy. Different tests were used for each measure, which enhances the effectiveness of the survey because the questions reflected the type of answers that may be given. Such customization submits the paper to bias in the choice
IntroductionThe purpose of this paper is to critique a study. The critique considers some aspects of the study:e the methodology of the study, the study results, the ethical issues pertinent to the study, the strengths, the weaknesses, and the limitations of the study. The article evaluated in this paper is the study by Farmer, J.R., MacKinnon, S.P., & Cowie, M. (2017) titled 'Perfectionism and Life Narratives: A Qualitative Study.'The research
Elder Abuse: The Problem and Proposed Research Study Introduction Elder abuse is perhaps one of the most aggravated problems that exists in the modern world affecting old people. More than common afflictions like cardiovascular disease or diabetes, elder abuse is viewed all over the world as a complex and debilitating problem, one that needs decisive and immediate actions from the health care industry, legislators, the social work sector, and concerned citizens. Elder
ANOVA Test The focus of this proposal is to use the analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test whether the video games influence behavior. There has been a general public concern on the risk factor of video games on the youth's behavior especially children under 18 years of age. Science Daily (2013) shows that video games are the risk factors to aggression and criminal behavior. Despite this assertion, there still a paucity
The assumption here is that counselor burnout may be heightened as a result of the diversity of students who attend post secondary educational institutions, and the variety of services the 2-year postsecondary counselors must provide to these students. This assumption is congruent with the findings of a study by Wilkerson and Bellini (2006) who advise, "Professional school counselors are asked to perform multiple duties as part of their daily