The Exorcist and the Question of Human Identity and Self
This essay examines the philosophical questions raised by the 1973 film The Exorcist, focusing on what constitutes the human self when the body remains but character is radically altered. Drawing on Regan's demonic possession as a narrative device, the paper explores parallels with real-world experiences of mental illness, adolescent transformation, and dementia—situations in which loved ones confront a familiar body housing an unrecognizable personality. The essay argues that the film's deepest horror lies not in the supernatural spectacle but in its meditation on identity, selfhood, and the cognitive dissonance of separating a person's body from their behavior, voice, and character.
- Introduction: The Disturbing Question of the Self: Film introduces selfhood question through Regan's possession
- Possession as Mental Illness: Parallels in the Real World: Regan's symptoms mirror real childhood mental illness
- The Parent's Dilemma: Containment, Trust, and Loss: Mother forced to restrain and distrust her own child
- Dementia and End of Life: Losing the Self Within the Body: Possession parallels dementia's erasure of personality
- Cognitive Dissonance: Wanting the Child Back: Mother yearns to recover daughter's former identity
- Conclusion: Defining the Self When Character Is Altered: Film's deepest horror lies in questions of selfhood
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What makes this paper effective
- It uses a popular horror film as a lens for exploring genuine philosophical questions about identity, demonstrating how close reading of cultural texts can yield substantive academic insight.
- The paper builds its argument through a series of layered analogies — mental illness, adolescent change, and dementia — each reinforcing the central claim that the self is defined by character, not just the body.
- Its tone remains analytical rather than sensationalist, grounding even the film's most visceral scenes in recognizable human experiences shared by viewers.
Key academic technique demonstrated
The paper demonstrates sustained analogical reasoning, systematically connecting a fictional supernatural scenario to three distinct real-world conditions (mental illness, puberty, and dementia) to illuminate a single philosophical question. This technique allows the writer to expand the significance of a narrow textual observation into a broader claim about human identity without introducing unrelated evidence.
Structure breakdown
The essay opens by introducing the central philosophical provocation — what constitutes the self apart from the body — and immediately grounds it in specific scenes from the film. Each subsequent paragraph develops a distinct analogy (mental illness, parental trust, dementia) before converging on the mother's desire to recover her daughter's former self. The conclusion returns to the viewer's perspective, asking how the audience itself navigates the separation of body, character, and identity, which gives the argument a satisfying circular closure.
Introduction: The Disturbing Question of the Self
One of the most disturbing aspects of the film The Exorcist is the question it provokes regarding what constitutes the human self. Over the course of the film, a demonic force possesses a seemingly innocent child named Regan. Regan's character changes as a result, altering her original demeanor and the viewer's initial assumptions about who she is and what she represents in the narrative. From a kind, agreeable girl, Regan turns into a child who tells an astronaut at her mother's dinner party that he is going to die up in the sky. The once healthy prepubescent suddenly cannot control her bowels, yet can throw her mother across the room by sheer force of will.
The philosophy of self asks precisely this kind of question: when behavior, memory, and personality are radically altered while the body remains the same, in what sense does the original person still exist? The Exorcist dramatizes this question in an extreme and visceral way, but the underlying dilemma is one that many people encounter in far more ordinary circumstances.
Works Cited
The Exorcist. Starring Linda Blair. 1977.
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