Doctoral Essays (Examples)

pursue a doctoral degree in education.

Education is one of the most important fields in the world because it shapes the minds of students, young and old. Education is responsible for grooming individuals for society, teaching them necessary skills for life. The learning experience is more than just scholastic, as social skills become more and more important to contemporary society.

The education system in the United States deals with young children who have less structure in their home lives than earlier generations. Especially in the inner cities, more and more children are sent to school without a proper grounding in life skills and communication. In a conversation with a school board member from such a place, I learned that some children showed up for their first day of school without even knowing their full names. This is cause for growing concern as schools are now forced to educate children in…

ationale of Study

According to De Valero (2001), "Given the high costs associated with graduate education, the current national climate of diminishing resources for higher education, and an increased competition for these resources between undergraduate and graduate programs, understanding and examining the factors that affect students' ability to complete their degree requirements in a timely manner and considering the implications of these factors becomes crucial" (p. 341). In this regard, Neumann (2005) reports that, "The reasons for length of time to completion and non-completion rates are important considerations for universities and governments," and notes that: "Concerns about slow time to completion relate to the commitment of staff and other resources for extended periods, the desirability of concentrating graduate studies in a reasonable time period, the possibility that information obtained in the research may become obsolete before completion of the thesis, and delays in researchers moving on to other projects" (Neumann,…

pursuit of my doctoral studies. The course really mapped out a lot of the things that it will take for me to achieve my goals. The first thing is just to understand the process of getting a dissertation. This is not as simple as sitting down and anging out a long-form essay. This is a completely different process and this course has een instrumental in me getting a much clearer understanding of what this process is going to look like for me.

The literature review is something I had to really take to heart. I learned a lot aout what it takes to e a scholar. It starts with the literature review. If you had asked me at the start of this course, I would have told you that the literature review was the foundation of the dissertation, ut it's actually the foundation of scholarship. The lit review is how…

Introduction
Capture interest:
The importance of doctoral identity cannot be overemphasized. By the end of doctoral education, students must have skills, knowledge, habits, and values that are consistent with their professional role.
Context:
Doctoral identity, also referred to a professional identity, denotes “the relatively stable and enduring constellation of attributes, beliefs, values, motives, and experiences in terms of which people define themselves in a professional role” (Smith & Hatmaker, 2015, p. 547). This identity indicates to others that an individual possesses a unique set of skills and abilities. The development of professional identity is facilitated by a number of factors, including individual, interpersonal, and institutional factors (Gardner, 2009; Baker & Pifer, 2011). Gardner (2009), Baker & Pifer (2011), and Smith & Hatmaker (2015) provide valuable information on doctoral identity formation.
Statement of common themes:
Three common themes that emerge from the three articles include: academic success, relationships, and individual efforts…

(Duke University - est Practices, 2005)

IV. Illustration of the Impacts of Advising on Retention Issues

Retention issues may very well become a conflict of interest in that staff might desire to retain students as their proficiency develops however: "...that is an unfortunate conflict between your desire to maximize productivity in ones' own research and in the duty as a mentor to provide support for the student's timely progress. The primary obligation is the education of the students. (the Mentor as Faculty Advisor, nd paraphrased)

Summary & Conclusion

The adviser provides an invaluable type of assistance to the master's and doctoral student in the process of earning their college degree. This type of assistance optimizes the positive learning experience of students. Students will need assistance in choosing their coursed, the specific discipline chosen, the degree or combination of degrees, the student decides to obtain and finally students need assistance and…

Reference
Baltes, B., & Dickson, M. (2001). Using life-span models in industrial-organizational psychology: The theory of selective optimization with compensation. Applied Development Science, 5(1), 51-62.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S1532480XADS0501_5
Annotation
This article sought to demonstrate the relevance of lifespan models to industrial/organizational (I/O) psychology. The article specifically shows how the selective optimization with compensation (SOC) model can be applied in three I/O psychology areas: organizational-level functioning, leadership, and work-family conflict. The SOC model provides a framework for understanding “an individual’s successful development process across the entire life span” (Baltes & Dickson, 2001, p. 52). Successful development is shaped by the individual’s stage of life as well as personal and cultural factors. This model is based on the assumption that an individual’s physical, mental, and environmental resources are limited at any given point in time. Accordingly, the individual must effectively allocate the limited resources through “selection, optimization, and compensation techniques.” According to Baltes &…

Admission PhD feel that my experiences as a professional academic librarian and my familiarity with teaching make me a uniquely qualified candidate for the Ph.D. program in Educational Policy with the Department of Educational Policy and Administration at your university. Taken together, these two important experiences have given me important and irreplaceable exposure to essential research skills, as well as provided me with a first-hand insight into the field of education.

Currently, I am employed as a full time professional academic librarian at the University of Washington in Seattle. This interesting and rewarding position has provided me with a great wealth of skills, experiences, and opportunities that will be easily and effectively transferred to the Ph.D. program in Educational Policy. My tenure as an academic librarian has given me a complete knowledge and experience of reference, bibliography, and information services, acquisitions and collection development, cataloging and classification of library and…

drivers endure a multitude of work-related health issues due to the nature of their work. They drive consistently long hours. They must be weary of potential accidents, and do not receive high pay. This can lead to a higher than normal employee turnover rates, which lends to a lower quality of service for customers. esearchers have aimed at identifying what specific work-related health problems plague bus drivers.

esearch shows bus drivers often suffer from high blood pressure and musculoskeletal pain in the form of neck and low back pain. This may be due to constant vibration while driving and an ineffective seat and bus driver cabin. Another potential cause for these illnesses is the constant stress of the job. Bus Drivers cite the risk for potentially aggressive passengers and bad weather conditions as major stressors.

This dissertation is meant to show through interviews with bus drivers and managers and a…

Worldview Statement

A cornerstone concept of pop psychology, the left brain/right brain divide is "largely bogus," (Lombrozo, 2013). However, the metaphor of left brain/right brain does somewhat accurately allow us to classify people into those whose worldviews are governed by logic and reason versus those whose worldviews allow for a greater degree of impulse and emotionality. My personal worldview is thankfully somewhere between these two extremes. Too much left brain emphasis leads to rigidity and an inability to welcome new ideas, whereas too much right brain focus may lead to superstition and poor decisions.

The left brain/right brain metaphor demonstrates the need for fusing qualitative and quantitative research methods. Social scientists who discount the relevance or validity of qualitative methods can be considered left brained in their worldview. As important as quantitative analyses are, social science research does not always lend itself to quantification. Human beings are not robots. Human…

Running Head: QUALITATIVE DOCTORAL BUSINESS RESEARCH ANALYSIS 1
QUALITATIVE DOCTORAL BUSINESS RESEARCH ANALYSIS 5

Analysis Role of Theory in Context of Qualitative Doctoral Business Research
Introduction
Models and theories produce the basis upon which empirical inquiries are built. Empirical research is not only concerned with data variations (with respect to what is going on in the globe) but also with testing whether such data is in conformity with the theory or model (Creswell & Plano Clark, 2007). It is also our intention to progress existing theories or even come up with new ones on the basis of existing ones and on the basis of freshly acquired empirical evidence. Generally two strategies for carrying out quantitative research exist. The first strategy involves formulation of hypotheses by researchers based on previous research information and testing those hypotheses against available empirical data through a process called confirmatory research. Confirmatory research is used to…

Terrorism

Intelligence, counterterrorism and protection, and subjects for investigation appear to be relevant, interesting and worthy of detailed examination. The research traditions allowed in mainstream educational systems provide different avenues of approach to examine these ideas. The purpose of this paper is to examine the ideas of terrorism through the lenses of the five research conditions: narrative, grounded theory, phenomenology, case study and ethnography. Additionally, I will propose three different topics for doctoral research and determine why each of these approaches warrant inquiry.

Before examining terrorism, it is a most important challenge to define the term. The defining of this word is perhaps the greatest source of confusion included in this type of research inquiry. How is terrorism related to intelligence and protection? While these are fashionable catchwords of the day, it seems important to link the phrases and terms with concrete and realistic symbols that can be understood by…

The narrative research study area aims at engaging with the system that helps people to make sense of experiences and meaning in the greater social context and the social patterns in it (Golsteijn & Wright, 2013). Collaborating with the research subject is one of the highlights of narrative research studies. The subject in research is viewed as a collaborator as opposed to being a provider of information, as led by the researcher’s agenda, under this approach (Moen, 2006).

Accounts of experience under narrative research are guided by discussion in dialogue with the subject of the research. Various data collection approaches are available to the researcher. Such data can take various forms, including journal records, transcripts, observations, letter writing, class plans, stories, pictures, among others (Moen, 2006).

Explorative research assignments can gain from narrative research because they aim at delving into the experiences and the process of making meaning of people…

The question surrounding Dr. King's plagiarism is how it affects other researchers "Martin Luther King's Plagarism: Moral Issues for Researchers." Carlson has been criticized for his role in the controversy as well. hen Kings plagiarism was discovered, Carlson did not act quickly enough according to some critics. However, it might be that Carlson understood the gravity of the discovery and wanted to make sure before he released it to the public. Carlson knew that his discoveries would harm the image of a national icon. Therefore, one cannot agree with curtains critics on this point. It appear that he was just being cautious about his own work. Carlson stated that the reason for his slow disclosure was that he was afraid that the information would reach the press and that they would sensationalize it, and he was correct about this assumption, in the end. The discovery of the King plagiarism was…

462). The pattern of adjusting to the feelings and needs of the advisor rather than the advisor adjusting to meet the needs of the advisee is seen repeatedly in the different types of relationships between women who are pursuing doctoral studies on college campuses and their female advisors.

One type of advisor was described as an iron maiden, while the advisee assumed the role of handmaiden. In this type of relationship, the advisors support the goals of the student, but they have little time for interpersonal communications or sympathy for the advisee's personal issues. The advisees who worked under the tutelage of such women often found themselves sacrificing "their own personal power and their own work for iron maiden advisors" (p. 454).

The inadequate advisor-over adequate advisee relationship was in direct contrast to the iron maiden/handmaiden relationship. In this scenario, the advisor was too focused upon the interpersonal relationship and…

Nursing Doctoral Business Proposal

The benefits of staffing Advanced Nurse Practitioners (ANP) as ANP Case Managers

A Nurse Practitioner (NP) is a registered nurse educated and certified to operate autonomously and collaboratively in an advanced and comprehensive medical responsibility. The practitioner has several additional roles under which they are to conduct diagnostic investigations, prescribe medications and undertake referrals to specialist clinical medications. esearch suggests that when nurses undertake prescription roles, it can result to increased efficiency, maximization of resources, and improve patient access to medicines and enable nurses to provide timely and extensive care packages (Cashin, Buckley, Newman & Dunn, 2009). In the advanced practitioner context, the roles that exist include the Clinical Nurse Specialist, the Certified Nurse Midwife, the Nurse Anesthetist and the Nurse Practitioner.

On the other hand, an Advanced egistered Nurse Practitioner (ANP) is also a registered nurse who possesses professional knowledge base, intricate decision-making skills and…

Business

As the course closes, the time has come for self-reflection and course evaluation. The following reflection contains self-examination as a student within the course as well as reflections upon how the course contriutes to the student's education and career. The paper descries which modules were the most useful, difficult, and easy for the student. The paper descries an appreciation for the topic of Organizational Studies and realizes the practicality for students in many fields to e exposed to this suject.

Reflections upon the Course Conclusion

This course has helped me come upon several important realizations regarding scholarship, research, teaching & learning, and oviously, realizations regarding organizational studies. I realize that Organizational Studies is not a suject that should e limited to usiness related degree programs. Organizational Studies is a topic to which students across a large spectrum of disciplines should e exposed. There is an increase of attention, research,…

school is Doing well?

Performance of Schools in America has been consistently improved through presenting rationalized steps as solutions towards their betterment.

The measurement and formulation of performance and standards regarding the school was intended to take care of the problematic system of the school. The aim of the reforms was to standardize and systemize so that there is a clear picture of the schools for the public to judge the performance. The schools in America are not under the Ministry of Education although there is a department of education in the Federal State. There are fifty educational departments in the U.S. which serve around fifty two million people in more than one million schools. Among the different solutions presented, rationalized steps were the only solution used to improve the performance of schools. The concept of rationalization has a lot of features. (a) The outcome of the rubrics and standards…

Lam (2000) noted that the top-down implementation of technology by administration and senior staff may make teachers resent and avoid its utilization. He added that concern regarding legitimacy of the computer as an effective educational tool has an influence on teacher adoption. He suggested that language teachers are not technophobes, as some believe, but do not incorporate technology because institutions and programs fail to notice the importance of training teachers and matching their goals with the tools they wish to use. Differences in acceptance and adoption of technology also occur in students, with some being more accepting of computer-aided learning than others. According to Na (2001), male students frequently have more confidence in computer technology than females. It is also known that students have different learning styles (VanZile-Tamsen & Livingston, J.A., 1999; Sankaran et al., 2000). There is thus a need to match course formats with students' attitudes and learning…

The goal of quantitative research is to determine whether there is a truth in the predictive generalizations of a theory which assists in explaining understanding the phenomenon.

By contrast, qualitative research base its inquiry in understanding the human problem using multiple perspective, and the research is conducted in the natural setting in order to understand the phenomenon. While quantitative research uses survey, experimental and Quasi-Experiments methods to collect data, qualitative research uses the interview, case study and focus group as methods of data collection. The survey method involves using questionnaires for data collection with the intent of estimating the interest of the large population based on the smaller sample population. The qualitative research uses the phenomenological approach to understand the human experience. The goal is to immense into the phenomenon to understand the people being studied. The qualitative method also uses the case studies to explore the phenomenon being studied.…

According to the work of Fulford (1994) in an Oxford Practice Skills Project eport "Three elements of practice (ethics, law and communication skills) are approached in an integrated teaching programme which aims to address everyday clinical practice. The role of a central value of patient-centered health care in guiding the teaching is described. Although the final aim of the teaching is to improve the actual practice, we have found three 'sub-aims' helpful in the development of the programme. These sub-aims are: increasing students' awareness of ethical issues; enhancing their analytical thinking skills, and teaching specific knowledge. (Hope, 1994)

In the work of Miles, et al. (1989) entitled "Medical Ethics Education: Coming of Age it is stated that "medical ethics education is instruction that endeavors to teach the examination of the role of values in the doctor's relationship with patients, colleagues and society. It is one form of a broad curricular…

You need to submerse yourself fully and knowing that you will not back down, except under an emergency. I will want to talk further with teachers about their experiences in the educational system and the pros and cons of going into education, versus another field. I will also want to talk to others who have gone on for their master's or doctorate degree and listen to their input and suggestions about my future possibilities.

Second, I need to make a decision whether or not I want to go back to school and into another field of endeavor or continue to pursue my present work in computers. During the three or four years it takes to get the doctorate, I could get increasingly more responsible positions and higher salaries working for a company or on my own. It will also be very costly to go back to school. I need to…

Human relations are vital. Teachers must trust each other, there must be norms that support productive criticism, and there must be techniques in place for combining and resolving disputes. Arrangements need to be in place that generates discussion for problem identification and decision making. These arrangements could be things such as normal team meetings amid teachers at the same grade level or department meetings within high schools and middle schools. Frequently useful are school connections to inside and outside sources of knowledge and scrutiny coupled to a readiness to learn from such sources. Also, schools must work to secure the power to proceed with actions that might go against existing policies and practices. By doing this they master the micro-politics of their districts and their communities.

In schools where circumstances to maintain collaborative problem solving are not in place, leaders must expertly manage two plans at the same time. They…

School African-American Males Who Are Attending a Community-Based After-School Program

ANTICIPATED ESEACH METHODOLOGY

A qualitative case study would be conducted by the researcher. As described by Gay, Mills, and Airasian (2009), a case study explores and analyzes the behavioral patterns of an exclusive group over an extended period of time. In this approach the researcher analyzes the behavior of the participants while they participate in the intended activities and their response to the outside stimuli. (Gay, Mills, & Airasian, 2009) Case studies are bounded in an approach that connects time (existence) with a place (environment) (Stake, 2005). The case study approach provides the researcher with a stage to examine the patterns of behavior that the individuals portray.

PUPOSE OF THE ESEACH

The purpose of the study is to explore the behaviors of middle-school African-American males who are attending a community-based after-school program. In addition to that, the study will explore…

scientific method in the doctoral research process.

The scientific method has long been the preferred means of conducting research in most fields, including both social sciences and hard sciences. Because the scientific methods "demands that the procedures be objective," as well as clearly stated in research papers, bias is minimized (Stangor, 2012). Moreover, the statement of procedures allows for replication of experiments, something that is integral to the peer review process. eplication is crucial for the validation of scientific research at the doctoral level and beyond.

Doctoral students might develop cogent hypotheses in their research, and those hypotheses when proven over time may evolve into widely accepted theories in their field. However, repeated testing is the only means by which to solidify theories (Harris, n.d.). The doctoral student must be relatively detached from the results of research, and the scientific method enables detachment by highlighting ways the theory can be…

Paenting Style Influence on Excess Alcohol Intake Among Jewish Youth

Ross

Maste of Science, Mental Health Counseling, College, Januay, 2008

Clinical Psychology

Anticipated; Decembe, 2016

The health hazads that ae associated with adolescent alcohol use ae well documented, and thee is gowing ecognition among policymakes and clinicians alike that moe needs to be done to addess this public health theat. The pupose of this study will be to examine the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish college students in the United States. The study daws on attachment theoy, social leaning theoy, and a paenting style model as the main theoetical famewoks to evaluate the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish adolescents to develop infomed answes to the study's thee guiding eseach questions concening the elationship between peceived paenting style and excess alcohol use of male, Jewish, college students aged 18-26…

Counselor Education

Discuss the key points in the literature review and how the author used this section to identify the gap or problem addressed in the study.

Describe the phenomenon under study and how it is a key component in this qualitative research study.

Describe the problem and how it informed the research questions under study.

Describe the qualitative design used and why it is appropriate for the identified problem and research questions. Support your response with a peer-reviewed citation from a research source.

Assess the appropriateness of the instruments used to collect data and answer the research questions as well as to address the stated problem.

The researchers chose to focus on doctoral student attrition which occurs across academic disciplines and presents problems for noncompleting students and the programs from which they withdraw. The problems that are inherient in this situation are numerous and occur at different levels for…

Inward Journey of Leadership

For a majority of individuals, becoming a successful leader constitutes a lifelong endeavor, requiring tremendous amounts of commitment and work. There are few who reach their complete potential as leaders, though this isn't on account of their lack of technical skills. Growing into a first-rate leader entails a lot more than management proficiency or improved strategic thinking. The process deals, most fundamentally, with personal transformation. Every great leader is on an ongoing internal journey of self-growth and self-discovery, with the intent to transform their organization as well as themselves (Souba, 2006).

Famous German poet, ainer ilke, once remarked that only one true journey exists in life, which is, to go inside oneself. However, an increasing proportion of individuals focus on the external; they are only concerned with standing out and looking good. However, concurrently, they face an internal restlessness, an intensifying feeling that they are missing…

Paenting Style Influence on Excess Alcohol Intake Among Jewish Youth

Clinical Psychology

The health hazads that ae associated with adolescent alcohol use ae well documented, and thee is gowing ecognition among policymakes and clinicians alike that moe needs to be done to addess this public health theat. The pupose of this study was to examine the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish college students in the United States. The study daws on attachment theoy, social leaning theoy, and a paenting style model as the main theoetical famewoks to evaluate the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish adolescents to develop infomed answes to the study's thee guiding eseach questions concening the elationship between peceived paenting style and excess alcohol use of male, Jewish, college students aged 18-26 yeas, the elationship between academic achievement and the alcohol use fequency of male Jewish…

Paenting Style Influence on Excess Alcohol Intake Among Jewish Youth

Clinical Psychology

The health hazads that ae associated with adolescent alcohol use ae well documented, and thee is gowing ecognition among policymakes and clinicians alike that moe needs to be done to addess this public health theat. The pupose of this study was to examine the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish college students in the United States. The study daws on attachment theoy, social leaning theoy, and a paenting style model as the main theoetical famewoks to evaluate the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish adolescents to develop infomed answes to the study's thee guiding eseach questions concening the elationship between peceived paenting style and excess alcohol use of male, Jewish, college students aged 18-26 yeas, the elationship between academic achievement and the alcohol use fequency of male Jewish…

accordance to Seifert and Mandzuk (2006), the cohort-founded training results to academic and mutual motivation, creates social bonds, and allows the institutions to arrange the programs in effectual ways. With reference to Nimer (2009), the cohort-founded doctoral program provides its associates with an essential part of both expert and individual support for intellectual dealings and degree conclusion. In such shared learning societies, teachers are of the same opinion that development of a robust expert and social network amidst the professors and learners shall positively influence the learners' performance (ista & Cox, 2014). The focus is deliberating on King's work in the 21st century. I, being an active participant in social injustice matters, possess actual deep concern in imprisonment or poverty, and wish to actively participate in altering the globe via my community on a day-to-day basis (Stone, 2014).

Several crucial and rewarding subjects in the study of man, their social…

Letter of ntent

This brief document serves as my letter of intent to apply to your prestigious doctoral program. The important and necessary items that will be covered in this document include my motivations for earning a doctoral degree, what envision doing differently when my degree is complete, the topic or topics that have on my mind when it comes to my Direct Practice mprovement project and where plan to do most of my practice hours. While there are a few places that could go for my doctoral program, your university is the one that clearly stands out above the rest.

When it comes to why am getting my doctoral degree, happen to know that many to most people really do not need a doctoral degree to advance within their field or so their job. However, there are certain positions in certain fields that require or at least encourage people…

Nancy Jean Vyhmeister and Terry Robertson

Quality Research Papers, 3rd Edition, provides updates to the 2nd Edition book on how to perform research in religious and theological studies. The aims of the book are four-fold: first, to promote and develop the ability of students to perform research work; second, to teach students how to better express themselves in their research writing; third, to help students achieve their academic goals; and fourth, to act as an overall how-to with detailed descriptions of step-by-step procedures in performing research.

The book is divided into three sections, not including the introductory section which defines research. The first main section is on the different kinds of theological education research, from exegeses to doctoral dissertations. The second section deals with the process of carrying out research, from critical thinking and choosing a topic to using the Internet and organizing the different parts of the research paper.…

Phenomenological Design: An Overview
Phenomenology is one of a multitude of different qualitative designs that a researcher can select. Other potential options include case studies, ethnographies, and grounded research. Phenomenology is one of the oldest and most flexible of all qualitative approaches. Phenomenology is a way of knowing that is focused not upon a predefined research question or even a highly specific community or individual like an ethnography or case study. It is a unique form of epistemology or way of knowing. “A paradigm is the patterning of the thinking of a person; it is a principal example among examples, an exemplar or model to follow according to which design actions are taken” (Groenewald, 2004, p.44).
Phenomenology: Philosophy
Phenomenology has a strong grounding in the philosophical orientation of the Enlightenment. It is predicated upon a belief that observing experience can yield valuable insights. Unlike quantitative research designs, however, which begin…

Those participants who do not have any policy-making or hiring authority will receive Questionnaire #1; those participants with either policy-making or hiring authority will receive Questionnaire #2. After the data are collected, they will be used to test all three hypotheses. Standard statistical modeling methods will be used for data analysis.

eference List

Employment News elease. (2011). BLS. etrieved from: http://www.bls.gov/news.release/empsit.t04.htm

Leadership Styles. (2011). NW Link. etrieved from: http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/leader/leadstl.html

Pfeiffer, J. (1999). Putting People First. The Academy of Management Executives, 13 (2), 37 -- 48.

ampell, C. (2011). Many with New College Degree. New York Times. etrieved from: http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/19/business/economy/19grads.html?_r=1

Voelcker, J. (2007). Lithium Batteries. etrieved from: http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/advanced-cars/lithium-batteries-for-hybrid-cars

Allen, J.S. (2010). Creativity, the brain, and evolution. Psychology Today (Online). etrieved from http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/lives-the-brain/201004/creativity-the-brain-and-evolution.

Beer, B. (2004). The big question. Backpacker, 36(4), 44. etrieved from ProQuest.

Devall, Y. (1982). A study of some cognitive and creative characteristics and their relationship to reading comprehension…

As activists in women's liberation, discussing and analyzing the oppression and inequalities they experienced as women, they felt it imperative to find out about the lives of their foremothers -- and found very little scholarship in print" (Women's history, 2012, para. 3). This dearth of scholarly is due in large part to the events and themes that are the focus of the historical record. In this regard, "History was written mainly by men and about men's activities in the public sphere -- war, politics, diplomacy and administration. Women are usually excluded and, when mentioned, are usually portrayed in sex-stereotypical roles, such as wives, mothers, daughters and mistresses. History is value-laden in regard to what is considered historically 'worthy'" (Women's history, 2012, para. 3).

In what Kessler (1994, p. 139) describes as "the all-too-common historical exclusion or devaluation of women's contributions," the male-dominated record of human history has either diminished the…

Theoretical illars

With the current national divorce rate stubbornly at 50%, the phenomenon of single parenthood, notably single mothers, definitely isn't going anywhere. The single parents which are at the greatest disadvantage are those who are of a lower socioeconomic class, as they're unable to offer the best education, healthcare, basic provisions and other items to their children. They often work two jobs and don't get to spend enough times with their children, as current and past research reflects.

The ultimate focus of the research that this dissertation is centered around seeks to identify the most compelling and effective interventions which can minimize the likelihood of negative outcomes for high-risk children, such as those born to low-income single parents. For this reason, I have created an annotated bibliography that addresses this body of research. An example of a title for the literature review would be: Modulators of Child Development Outcomes…

human beings have some biases, regardless of how objective they strive to be. Bias is part of human nature. Even people who believe they have no bias very likely have subliminal prejudices. Someone may swear that he sees everyone equally and then suddenly cross to the other side of the street and feel fear when he sees an African-American young man walking behind him. Biases and stereotypes are dangerous because they foster social inequities. The person whose prejudices are not challenged is unlikely to extend a job opportunity to a qualified candidate of a different race, religion, or ethnic group. Likewise, a researcher must not let his or her personal biases cloud what must be objective judgment. Should a study on a life-saving theory or procedure be compromised because of the prejudices of a researcher? Clearly the answer is no.

You have taken the first important step in circumventing your…

AustralianHE

'How to Effectively Market and Manage Quality Australian International

Education'

A primary focus for the nearly half a million international students choosing to study in Australia each year seems to be on obtaining a higher education; oftentimes it is because they believe it is an investment in their own future. For the vast majority of these international students the hope is that their education will lead to improved employment opportunities and a higher quality lifestyle, either in Australia, another country, or after they return to their homeland. Interestingly enough, almost half of the surveyed higher education graduates and two thirds of VET graduates were living in Australia, with most either already having been granted permanent residency or hoping to obtain permanent residency status.

Graduates who were working in Australia had a slightly higher level of unemployment than those who returned home, although most were working or undertaking further study.…

Likewise, engaging in too much control over a Stage III supervisee could lead to quite a bit of tension in the supervisor/supervisee relationship and result in negative transference to clients in counseling sessions. Nonetheless, this notion that counseling supervisees develop in relatively predictable stages and that an effective supervisor can best help them progress by approaching them at the level of supervision that corresponds to their own development is very helpful in performing efficient and rewarding supervision for counseling trainees.

Empirical research has validated the approach of the integrated developmental models to some extent. In order to determine the supervisee's developmental McNeill, Stoltenberg, and omans (1992) developed the Supervisee Levels Questionnaire -- evised (SLQ -- ). Lovell (1999) found that the SLQ -- results from trainees indicated that the level of education and prior supervised experience was related to the level of the supervisee opposed to such concepts as cognitive…

principals who are equity-oriented, marginalized dynamics may crop up in schools that are changing demographically at a rapid pace (Cooper, 2009). This essay reflects upon how educators may play the role of transformative leaders by way of carrying out cultural work that tackles inequity, addresses and/or attempts to remove socio-cultural limits, and promotes inclusion. The theories of Cornel West on 'the new cultural politics of difference' appraise the topic, as do literary works on transformative leadership to promote social justice.

Highlighting the ever-changing policy responses in the history of educational leadership, along with their contextual settings, explains the necessity for another glimpse at the manner in which educational leadership should be considered in recent times. Gale & Densmore (2003) found that educational leaders are now faced with contradictory pressures -- on the one hand, to favor some student groups over others, yet, on the other hand, to ensure that disadvantaged…

Vision to Address the Challenges facing Higher Education in Saudi Arabia in the light of Leadership and Excellence Approach

esearch Significance

It is generally agreed that higher education is the main tool to solve leadership and human resources problems. Unfortunately, mass production of graduates from Saudi higher education fails to meet the required specializations and quality of private sectors. Many Saudi graduates lack the practical knowledge that can assist them meeting rigorous demand of the labor market. Moreover, Saudi higher education is characterized by the rigid theoretical standards, and constraint of curriculum making the implementation of an enriched experimental learning technique to be extremely difficult.

In the last 10 years, higher education in Saudi Arabia has witnessed a quantitative and qualitative transformation. The investment in the Saudi educational development has been attributed to the country's strategic importance for the human resources and leadership development. Investment in education has also been…

Qualitative Business Case Study: A Discussion
Business case studies are valuable educational tools used by educators, institutions, students and corporations within continuing education programs. Creating a case study or analyzing one written by a professor or executive, forces one to examine the strengths and weaknesses, successes and pitfalls of a particular business by analyzing precise situations, formulating one’s own conclusions and then making recommendations or other such inferences based on the data or predictions drawn from the data.
Case Study Design
The case study will manifest in a narrative or story-centric structure. The “main character” will be introduced early on in the case study as someone with a necessary objective or a specific but perhaps somewhat confounding choice that needs to be addressed (Schweitzer, 2015). The story of the main character remains interwoven throughout the case study design, offering necessary information about the company in question, the overall situation, and…

DNP EssentialsDoctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) essentials represent the curricular features that should be followed in DNP programs. The essentials form part of the nursing practice\\\'s foundational competencies and are recognized in the egistered Nursing practices. For example, they are applicable among nurse practitioners, midwives, nurse anesthetists, and clinical nurse specialists. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), in 2006, published the eight DNP essentials to address the complex requirements in the modern healthcare system. The essentials apply regardless of the specialty of the practitioners. They offer introductory points on different specialties present in various organizations. They include the following:1. Scientific Underpinnings for PracticeNursing science has led to a revolution and expansion of the nursing sphere. Thus, the integration of terminal academic platforms that allow the adoption of appropriate knowledge is essential. In particular, the nursing theories related to middle-range practices were significantly affected. When the nursing theories are…

To resolve this conflict in the situation where demographic and experiential differences are found qualitative researchers, such as those studying different cultures, might employ guides, interpreters and/or other "native" individuals to introduce and help them assimilate into the culture, in order to observe it or in some cases they use time as their tool, immersing for longer periods of time with limited or no interruption to eliminate any bias that might occur in research results because of his or her presence. Even among researchers this is not seen as a perfect set up but it can help resolve some of the intrusion challenges associated with diversity.

One of the major problems, as qualitative researchers see it in historical research is the fact that the researcher has often been seen and thought of as holding a position of authority over the subjects being studied. This idea of "social capital" is pervasive,…

esearch was the first to feel the effects. The shift in the material base of the university leaves the humanities entirely out in the cold. Corporations don't earmark donations for the humanities because our research culture is both self-contained and absurd. Essentially, we give the copyrights of our scholarly articles and monographs to university presses, and then buy them back, or demand that our libraries buy them back, at exorbitant markups. And then no one reads them. The current tenure system obliges us all to be producers of those things, but there are no consumers." (Donoghue 2008)

The idea in education is one of operating as a business. The academic partners within the university setting are essentially in competition with one another for funding and other resources. If the students with stellar marks from certain departments are highly recruited by business and academia, the department is heralded and viewed upon…

" (Zemsky, 1)

Null Hypothesis

The null hypothesis of the research endeavor is that online professors will report no perceptible connection between post-tenure review and job performance.

Alternate Hypothesis


The alternate hypothesis of the research endeavor is that online professors will report that post-tenure review improves job performance.


Nature of the Study

Significance of the Study

The significance of the proposed research is based in the need for greater study of online instruction in higher education with relation to post tenure review. As with all other elements of this research process, we can initiate a discussion on the significance of the research with a reiteration of the fact that amongst educators without classification, the perspective on post-tenure review is generally hostile. This is because tenure is considered by most educators to be an important feature of the profession demanding of protection. To this end, Ceci et al. (2006) indicate that…

This method is congruent with Fraenkel and Wallen (2001) who note, "esearchers usually dig into the literature to find out what has already been written about the topic they are interested in investigating. Both the opinions of experts in the field and other research studies are of interest. Such reading is referred to as a review of the literature" (p. 48). A critical review of the literature can also provide other benefits as well. For example, Wood and Ellis (2003) identified the following as important outcomes of a well conducted literature review:

1. It helps describe a topic of interest and refine either research questions or directions in which to look;

2. It presents a clear description and evaluation of the theories and concepts that have informed research into the topic of interest;

3. It clarifies the relationship to previous research and highlights where new research may contribute by identifying…

This method is a descendant of a Rand Corporation study methodology changed from war planning and now applied to changing university curricula. t will produce changing and dynamic profiles as the needs arise for a study.

t is a research technique with flexibility that has been used in a program at the University of Calgary to explore new concepts of the information systems body of knowledge in business. The Delphi method is a process to collect and distill the anonymous judgments of experts while using a set of data collection/analysis techniques that are interspersed with feedback. The method is suited as a research tool when there is incomplete data about a problem or phenomenon. This method works well when the goal is to improve the understanding of problems solutions, or to make forecasts. t is advantageous from a quantitative standpoint. t is very useful for helping to develop profiles of…

matrices for human trafficking. They observe that although in recent years great progress has been made towards understanding and of the problem and combating it, little development has been made in effectuating measures that can specifically delineate it and in developing effective ways to collect the data. This results in contradictory information on the subject and on few studies being based on extensive research.

It was only fairly recently that a joint decision was made on how to define "human trafficking." Nonetheless, there are so many variables and divergences within the phenomenon that difficulty still exists in international agreement in defining the term.

The authors state that efforts against trafficking will only improve when all countries have a unanimous standardized system of measures with which they can track the problem and when all countries begin to enact and implement the necessary anti-trafficking legislation. The latter depends on help from the…

esearchers have an occasion to further organizational science and to make research practical by producing information that can impact changing organizational forms and circumstances. Pragmatically, academic researchers are not likely to get access to a company that is going through change unless the practitioners believe the research will be helpful (Gibson & Mohrman, 2001).

There have been a number of calls to augment the significance and effectiveness of organizational science to companies. The usefulness challenge cannot be defined merely as getting practitioners to value and include what academics learn. It is believed that the usefulness of research depends, somewhat, on the degree to which the perspectives of organization members are incorporated in research procedures and the results are included into those members' organization design activities that take place as their company adjusts to its changing environment. esearch is more likely to be seen as useful if there are occasions for…

This perspective suggests the necessity of distinguishing between the intended use (and real affordances) of an object and its perceived affordances. For instance, affordances presented by a knife are defined by the individual who uses it, not necessarily by its designer. More specifically, although a designer envisaged the knife as a cutting tool, the user might not utilize the knife for cutting. While Gibson (1979) suggests that the knife does not have any affordance on its own, except when an individual has attributed a meaning to it, Norman suggests that the designer's real or intended affordance for the knife was for cutting purposes. Although there are debates in the field of ecological psychology about the nature of affordances (distinction and overlays between intended and perceived affordances), affordance perspectives are a crucial area in the study of usability (Sadler & Given, 2007).

3. Pedagogical Affordance and ICT

Peter and osamund (2005)…

Woolf / Women in Violence and War

The current paper deals with the use of stream of consciousness and narrative technique by Virginia Wolf. The author has discussed how Woolf comes and goes in time and space to reveal her inside feelings, and why she used them especially in time of war and domestic violence.

Much has been written about Woolf's use of the stream-of-consciousness technique used widely by other Modernist writers of her time such as DH Lawrance and James Joyce. Stream of Consciousness is the technique use by Woolf and she is considered the pioneer of this technique. The stream of thought was first proposed by William James, Harvard Professor of Psychology in 1890.

Argumentation

In a diary entry that Woolf wrote on the 23 of February in 1926, she compares the writing process she went through while writing Mrs. Dalloway with the process she experienced while writing…

hen we have a means of learning and scholarship that has been established as the one true way of learning, we need to take heed of that, trust that people who decided that are inherently correct, and follow the path they have set out. hen you work through the process of creating academic works, you learn a lot about your field of study, and the objective is to become something of an expert. Over time, the scholar begins to make his or her own contributions to the body of knowledge, following on the lead of others and working with the current knowledge in the field.

The concept of the scholar-practitioner is an interesting one. Traditional scholarship reflects a method of learning that focuses entirely on books and journals. The scholar-practitioner concept places value on personal experience outside of the ivory tower. By synthesizing the expert knowledge in journals with one's…

Furuholt, (2006) argues that lack of management engagement to the acceptance of information systems has been a barrier to the implementation of information systems. The issues are even common with organizations in the developing countries where management does not give enough priority to the information systems implementation. Importantly, implementation of information systems requires management support since management will need to approve fund that would be used for IS implementation. Generally, younger people are more interested in the it tools than older people. In a situation where number of older working team outnumbers younger working team within an organization, the IS implementation may be cumbersome.

More importantly, lack of knowledge of information systems may serve as barrier to its implementation. In the developed countries, private and public organizations have already aware the importance of information systems to the organizations. Many organizations in developed countries already realize that it tool is a…

Probing Question (Q1)

The author of this response would ask a question to the plagiarism discussion by asking if the respondent in the question really thinks taking sentences with no citation is the same thing as taking them WITHOUT citation. The response seems to call both plagiarism and they really shouldn't bear the same name because they are not the same offense. It is true that quoting without quotes, intentionally or not, is bad but if the citation is there and it's proper, there was clearly no intent to "steal" the material even if the methodology was sloppy and/or ignorant. It is akin to treating dovetailing (the actual author of a report submitting the paper twice) the same as plagiarism. They are both wrong but they are not the same thing.

Share an Insight (Scenario II)

The words about the fabrication of data in the second scenario seem to dance…

Mobile & Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing

Author's note with contact information and more details on collegiate affiliation, etc.

This paper will define cloud computing and mobile cloud computing even while there is no current consensus on their definitions as it is a newly forming field of study and technology. The paper will additionally describe the utility and the structure of mobile cloud and cloud computing. Furthermore, the paper will address topics within the area of mobile cloud and cloud computing that are ripe for intensive research and elucidation. The paper will conclude by offering a sort of philosophical and economical cost-benefit analysis of mobile cloud and cloud computing, as well as select an area of research within this field -- specifically security and privacy issues in mobile and cloud computing use.

The Internet is a piece of technology that has forever changed society. Within its short history, the Internet has…

Sustain High Performance Public Organizations

Highly Interdependent Work

Why? Because We LUV You. Different types of work and the organization of types of work have been studied by those interested in business leadership and organization development for decades. When a categorically new business emerges on the scene, or when a mature business invents a strikingly effective new approach to business, the textbooks and Harvard Business Cases get dusted off and circulated anew. Such is the case with the study of Southwest Airlines, a company that turned the airlines business on its head -- or rather, on its hub and spokes orientation -- by developing a more efficient and economical way to approach the business of domestic airlines (Goudreau, 2007). Southwest isn't necessarily an innovative company, but it has worked to establish systems that work and then has diligently protected those systems. The company's determination to stick with what works against…

Verification of Interpretation -- Trustworthiness

Credibility

Transferability

Dependability and Confirmability

Advanced Qualitative esearch Methods

The role of research methods knowledge and its benefits for social research is an area of debate and confusion since the beginning of the profession's inception (Austin, 1983). Central to this understanding is the broader context of social research as new found study areas. In social research, the knowledge of research methods helps in selecting appropriate method for a particular area of research as well the knowledge of strengths and weaknesses of particular methods can lead a researcher to choose combine methods and adopt strategies to address the weaknesses of a particular method. In this research report the author intends to describe advanced qualitative research method, theory, practical implications, ethical consideration as well as types of advances research methods, the importance and significance of employing qualitative research methods, the sampling procedures and data collection and analysis…

acculturative stress of African Catholic Missionary Nuns (ACMN) serving in the United States. This chapter is divided into five parts. The first part explains the meaning of acculturation and adaptation experiences specific to missionaries. This part emphasizes (1) different perspectives from social and behavioral scientists examining the phenomenon of acculturation (2) different theoretical models describing the stages of acculturation (3) dissimilarities between immigrants and missionary immigrants and what makes the two unique. The second part of this chapter examines the emotional and psychological distress missionaries experience as a result of acculturative stress. The third part focuses on coping strategies and resilience of missionaries. The fourth part introduces the existing literature in the area of acculturative stress of missionaries, emphasizing on limited empirical research in this subject and the necessity for further research in this area of study.

Part One: Background and Overview

Different Social and Behavioral Scientific Perspectives Concerning Acculturation.…

Learner:

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