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The current situation in America highlights the need to isolate welfare recipients further, by more than just income and instead to also take into account the idea of regional differences that foster not only varied opportunities of employment, but also a wide array of external sources of lifetime substance. Because America is still trying to balance the difference of tax revenues, budget allotments, and other sources of welfare subsidy, it is most important that both social scientists and legislators illuminate the regional discriminations that exist between the urban and rural poor.
Deavers, Kenneth L. "Social Science Contributions to Rural Development Policy in the 1980s." American Journal of Agricultural Economics. Vol. 62, No. 5. (Dec., 1998.)
Findeis, J. & Jensen, L. "Employment Opportunities in Rural Areas: Implications for Poverty in a Changing Policy Environment." The Journal of Agricultural Economics. Vol. 80, No. 5. (Dec. 1998.)
Hess, Robert D. "Educability and Rehabilitation: the Future of the Welfare Class." Journal of Marriage and the Family. Vol. 26.
Landis, Benson. Rural Welfare Services. New York: Columbia University Press, 1949.
Martin, P. Taylor, J.E. "Poverty Amid Prosperity: Farm Employment, Migration, and Poverty in California." The Journal of Agricultural Economics. Vol. 80, No. 5. (Dec. 1998.)
Orloff, Ann. "Comparative Welfare States." Northwestern University Research. Available Online: www.northwestern.edu/lpr/research/welfarestates.html
Potterfield, Shirley. "On the Principle...
Vol. 80, No. 5. (Dec. 1998)
Weed, Frank J. "The Social Position of the Welfare Class in Urban Industrial States." The Pacific Sociological Review. Vol. 23, No. 2.
Potterfield, Shirley. "On the Principle of Reform: Spell Durations for Rural, Female-Headed Households." The Journal of Agricultural Economics. Vol. 80, No. 5. (Dec. 1998) p. 994.
Martin, P. Taylor, J.E. "Poverty Amid Prosperity: Farm Employment, Migration, and Poverty in California." The Journal of Agricultural Economics. Vol. 80, No. 5. (Dec. 1998.) p. 1009.
Landis, Benson. Rural Welfare Services. New York: Columbia University Press, 1949. P. 41.
Findeis, J. & Jensen, L. "Employment Opportunities in Rural Areas: Implications for Poverty in a Changing Policy Environment." The Journal of Agricultural Economics. Vol. 80, No. 5. (Dec. 1998.) p. 1001.
Findeis & Jensen,
Ibid.
Landis, p. 59.
Ibid, p. 72.
Hess, Robert D. "Educability and Rehabilitation: the Future of the Welfare Class." Journal of Marriage and the Family. Vol. 26. P. 423.
Weed, Frank J. "The Social Position of the Welfare Class in Urban Industrial States." The Pacific Sociological Review. Vol. 23, No. 2. P. 151.
Weed, p. 153.
Ibid, p. 166.
Orloff, Ann. "Comparative Welfare States." Northwestern University Research. Available Online: www.northwestern.edu/lpr/research/welfarestates.html
Discrimination There are many different types of discrimination that exist in the labor market today. There is ethnic discrimination as well as other discrimination like gender discrimination. Kenneth Arrow, the Nobel Prize winner, defined discrimination as "the valuation in the market place of personal characteristics of the worker that are unrelated to productivity" (Anonymous). Harassment can also be racial in nature or can be gender oriented. Harassment in the labor market
Welfare Reform Working for wages is the principal means for obtaining income and getting ahead in American society. Work is the key to personal independence and an effective way to achieve a meaningful role in our society. Significant participation in the workforce also is a necessary condition for receiving benefits from our nation's major social welfare programs, unemployment insurance, workmen's compensation, Social Security retirement and disability payments, Medicare health insurance, and
This type of zoning began to be enforced because of integration, which many Americans were opposed to. In recent years, the idea of exclusionary zoning still lingers as a topic of debate. This is not only an issue of race but also an issue of affordable housing for low income workers. According to Sternlieb (1973) Exclusionary zoning and subdivision control in the suburbs as a means of preserving the community status
Workplace discrimination can be understood as an inappropriate, unjustifiable treatment towards a person or a set of people at the workplace. Such undesirable treatment is based more often on people's race, ethnicity, age, marital status, sex or other describing characteristics (Australian Human Rights Commission, n.d). Workplace discrimination can give the impression of a repudiation of particular civil liberties, neglectful treatment, deliberate undervaluing of an employee's character or work outcomes and
Discrimination and Prejudice Affects Families Discrimination is basically defined as the unfair or prejudicial treatment of various kinds of people or things, particularly on the basis of age, race, sex or ethnicity. In contrast, prejudice can be described as a preconceived opinion about a person or a group of people that is not based on experience or research. Discrimination and prejudice occur in various societies as various groups of people
It is at this point when new ideas will be studied and analyzed as part of the process. This will ensure that a variety of perspectives are taken into account by government officials. (Bardach, 2000) In the case of the PRWORA, this process means looking at the impact of these changes on recipients. Over the last several years, many officials are realizing that more people need the help of these