Introduction
In the writing of the script for film/TV, a sublanguage, the writer's deep collection of his/her responses to life. Under specific circumstances, individuals in a particular area of expertise alter/change/utilize a language, in this case, English, to fit their profession, in turn making it easier of those in the profession to understand. This practice of altering specific words/terms also makes it more difficult for those on the outside to understand the profession's inside jargon.
The term, to "pan" out, for example, denotes this practice. A pan in "normal" English would refer to the cooking utensil. In film terminology, however, the term "pan" refers to the camera zooming out, therefore creating a "panoramic" view of the scene. Another example: The "can" in film terms refers to the container used to store film rolls; incidentally manufactured from aluminum, just like a "can." Basically, it's just reusing words from English but putting them into a different context, thus creating a bit of a sublanguage inside of the English language itself.
Specific Terms the following depicts a number of terms relating to the film TV sublanguage.
Academy leader: A leader positioned at the head of release prints which relates information for the projectionist. It also features black numbers on a clear background; counting from 11 to 3 at 16 frame intervals (see SMPTE leader). Big Close-up (BCU): A shot taken extremely close to the subject, closer than necessary for a close-up. A BCU reveals extreme detail, such as a specific (i.e., part of the human face) Bridging shot: A bridging shot (cut) covers a break in time, or other break in continuity. Clapper: Clappers are the sticks slapped together in view of the camera to synchronize film sound. Usually, however, not always, a clapper attaches to the slate, and appears at the head or tail of a sync sound take. Close-up (CU): A CU is a shot taken extremely close to the subject, or with the subject of the shot extremely large in the frame. A CU reveals a specific detail, for example, the human face, or a person's hands. The following figure from Greed (1924) relates a CU.
A www.filmsite.org/gree.html" Greed (1924)
Coding: When the workprint and sound stock (mag) are placed in sync, the rolls are coded with matching yellow edge numbers so they may be later matched up, after being cut up into pieces. Conforming: Conforming constitutes the cutting of the OCN to match the final cut of a film.
Contact print: A contract is a print made in a contact printer "where the original element and duplicate element actually are pressed together at the point of expose (no lens involved). Workprints and 'dirty dupes' are made this way."
Continuity of motion: Continuity of motion consists of the flow of action from one shot to the next as it is positioned on the screen at the cut point. This occurs when the significant action is positioned at the end of a shot in the same area of the screen where the significant action will begin in the next shot. Cross-cut: A cross-cut is the intercutting of shots from two or more scenes. This is done the viewers will see the fragments of each scene alternately (also, parallel action). Cut: In editing, a cut is a single unbroken strip of film.
Dissolve: In a dissolve, the end of one shot is gradually merged with the beginning of another. A fade-out onto a fade-in of equal length produces this superimposition.
Dolly shot: A dolly shot is a shot filmed when the camera on a dolly is in motion. Dupe negative: "Release prints are printed from a dupe negative." dupe negative portrays a negative element, printed from a positive print (an inter-positive). Establishing shot: An establishing shot, utilized near the beginning of a scene, establishes the inter-relationship of details which will be subsequently revealed in closer shots. Fade-in - 1. (n.) as a noun, a fade-in a shot starts in total darkness; gradually lightens to full brightness. 2. (v.) as a verb, fade-in means to gradually bring sound from inaudibility to the required volume.
Fade-out: Fade-out constitutes the opposite of a fade-in.
Inter-positive print (IP): An IP, a fine grain print developed from the conformed original negative,...
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