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On one hand, public corruption is a case generally handled by both national authorities and international organizations and institutions, having been prioritized as a necessity that needs the full attention of society. Private corruption is less in the public's eye and generally left to be handled by each organization in part.
The different approach to bribery may be caused, as the writer tacitly acknowledges, by the fact that there is a wrong impression that private bribery has a limited effect on society itself. However, this is not the case. The article points out to an example of private corruption from one of the most reputable companies in Germany, Siemens AG, whose management used bribery in order to secure important orders from their customers. One can obviously not judge something like this as having a limited impact, because such types of private bribery and corruption can be essential in creating disequilibrium on the market and can affect competition.
At the same time, it is somehow difficult to draw a line, as the article shows, between cases of private corruption and cases of normal business behavior. The ethical codes in each company need to point out and identify whether receiving...
The capacity to identify an ethical issue in a case of potential private corruption is the first question that the researcher aims to have answers to.
The methodology used in the article to find answers was, in my opinion, very effective. The sample that the author used for the questionnaire was diversified and included only individuals with working experience (a mean of 6.8 years), but who also had an academic background to understand the issue at hand.
The article underlined the fact that the answers provided by the respondents were similarly diverse as the sample of respondents itself. Many had not actually seen as a bribe the situation provided, but rather as a legitimate payment for an extra amount of work. At the same time, this article also re-emphasized the necessity to have a proper code of ethics within the organization. Whenever there is actually a problem or a dilemma regarding a certain ethical situation, such a code of ethics can be the common denominator that the organization will use to understand whether a certain situation is a breach of ethics or not.
Therefore, corporations have had to change their viewpoints and start looking at the long-term consequences of their behavior, as well as looking at the bottom line. Businesses also have to be concerned because consumers have also become aware of environmental concerns, and many consumers are demanding earth-friendly products and have shown a willingness to pay more money to competitors who observe environmentally-friendly practices. Interestingly enough, this demand has given rise
Partial cost recovery. This is an objective that might have interest for an organization that has other revenue sources. Maximize quantity. The objective seeks to maximize the quantity of products/services sold or the number of customers in order to reduce costs in the long-term as predicted by the learning curve, also known as the experience curve. Quality leadership. Use price as a tool to designate high quality and position the product as
In the former approach, tradable goods, money or services are exchanged between buyers and sellers at a rate that is agreeable to all parties. This approach assumes both the buyers and sellers have enough money, services or goods to have their needs met. The latter approach, public provision, is when all is available to those on an as-needed basis. The Pharmaceutical and Manufacturing Association warns that whenever there is government
MARKETING WHAT IS THE RELEVANCE OF ETHICS AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY TO BOTH MARKETING AND OPERATIONS ACTIVITIES? USE EXAMPLES TO ILLUSTRATE YOUR ANSWER. Ethics and social responsibility have always been critical issues in both marketing and operations activities. However, recent accounting scandals and bankruptcies involving high profile and well-respected companies such as Enron, Global Crossing, PG&E, WorldCom and numerous others have renewed interest in ethics and social responsibility. Social responsibility is the concept
Marketing Plan Mission and Business Objective Products and Services Keys to Success Macro Environment Economic Value Added Cash Value Added Cash Flow Return on Investment This report is a detailed marketing plan for a new financial service company called Online Analyst, Inc. The company is a combination database management company that also specializes in the financial services markets. The company will offer a plethora of information, data and financial-based market services such as online real time market segment
Accepting Client Assignments Outstanding client service begins with a full understanding of the client organization, its business needs and the position to be filled. An AESC member should: Accept only those assignments that a member is qualified to undertake on the basis of the member's knowledge of the client's needs and the member's ability to perform the specific assignment. Disclose promptly conflicts of interest known to the AESC member and accept assignments only