Sign Up Now
Get instant access to over 1 million+ study documents
OR
Already registered? click here to login
By creating your account, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and student honor code.
Specifically, the actions of the FBI, CIA, and the American government may have played a role in America's lack of preparedness for surge and terrorist actions (Posner).
Interstate
At the interstate level, international relationships are viewed through the interactions of states with each other. In this level of analysis, policy can be understood through the often that reciprocal relationships between individual countries (Goldstein).
At this level of analysis, the terrorist attacks can be understood within the context of the interactions of individual states. Specifically, the interaction of the United States with Islamic states and Israel can be seen as linked to terrorist acts. Writes Posner, "how could America support the terror state of Israel, he asked, and then cry foul when the underpowered struck back?"
Global
The global level is a worldview approach to the analysis of international relations. The social, economic, and political structure of the world whole is seen as the strongest influence on international relations. This worldwide structure thereby influences the individual policies of international actors and individual countries. As such, an understanding the structure and function of this international system provides an understanding of the workings of international relationships. The global level of analysis looks at the global gap in wealth among nations of the world, and technological change (Goldstein).
The terrorist attacks of 9-11 and later can be understood within this global framework. Today, huge inequalities in wealth exist among the nations of the world (Goldstein). This global gap in wealth between nations like the United States and Islamic states can be seen to have fueled anti-American sentiment. Interestingly, globalization and the world's increasingly mobile population may have also played a role in allowing terrorist access to the World Trade Center buildings (Posner).
Overall,...
The global view provides some answers to the reactions of shock and disbelief that segments of the world could hate America so much that they would commit the acts of 9-11. At the same, time, the global level of analysis fails to give a really adequate understanding of America's response to the terrorist actions that is provided in the domestic view, or an understanding of the actions of individual actors revealed in an individual analysis.
While the global level of analysis seems to best facilitate understanding of recent terrorist actions, it is important to remember that a complete understanding of international relations often requires a simultaneous analysis of all four levels. This is especially true in the case of an issue as complex as terrorism.
Conclusion
In conclusion, a look at the four levels of analysis of international relations reveal a great deal about the terrorist attacks of 911 and subsequent attacks. Individual, domestic, interstate, and global analysis each reveals a unique facet of the problem. While the global view may be the most powerful on its own, the four levels taken together provide the most complete understanding of the issue.
Works Cited
Goldstein, Joshua. International Relations, Fourth Edition. Pearson Education, 2000.
Jipson, Joshua and Immelman, Aubrey. Bush plays the charmer who wants to be taken seriously. St. Cloud Times, 2000. http://www.csbsju.edu/uspp/Election/bush012300.htm
MSN Encarta. Bush, George W (alker). 05 November 2004. http://encarta.msn.com/text_761581479____6/George_Bush.html
Posner, Gerald L. Why America Slept: The Failure to Prevent 9/11. Random House, 2003.
Rabbie, Jacob M. "A Behavioral Interaction Model: Toward a Social-Psychological Framework for Studying Terrorism," Terrorism and Political Violence, vol. 3, 1991.
Works Cited
Goldstein, Joshua. International Relations, Fourth Edition. Pearson Education, 2000.
Jipson, Joshua and Immelman, Aubrey. Bush plays the charmer who wants to be taken seriously. St. Cloud Times, 2000. http://www.csbsju.edu/uspp/Election/bush012300.htm
MSN Encarta. Bush, George W (alker). 05 November 2004. http://encarta.msn.com/text_761581479____6/George_Bush.html
Posner, Gerald L. Why America Slept: The Failure to Prevent 9/11. Random House, 2003.
Terrorist Attack On September 11, 2001, 19 Al Qaeda terrorists hijacked four United States commercial airliners travelling from the east coast to California. The hijackers forcibly took control of four planes. Two planes were purposefully crashed into the World Trade Center (WTC) in New York City. The third aircraft was flown into the Pentagon building in Washington DC. The fourth plane landed in a Pennsylvania field. All of the people on
The Home Office Minister pointed out in one of his addresses that "the most significant terrorist threat to the UK and to UK interests abroad comes from Al Qaida and associated networks. Senior AQ members, including its leader Osama bin Laden, have stated publicly that the UK and UK interests are a priority target for them. There have been a number of attacks specifically targeting UK interests based overseas.
Therefore the consequences of such restrictions and regulations have further complicated the case, the research activities have been either shunned or go unreported to avoid any confrontation with the investigation agencies, 'the climate of fear created by the Butler case is even threatening the ability of the United States government to detect bioterrorist activity, the labs in one state are no longer reporting routine incidents of animals poisoned with
attack of 911 has posed a serious threat to the aviation industry. For the first the world could realize that airplanes are not only the mode of transportation but can also be utilized as potential bombs. Many passengers are apprehensive of air travel. This led Governments, Policy Makers, aviation industries and regulatory authorities to think a while about aviation security. The aviation security is being revolutionized since then to
911 and Beyond Presage an Era of New Terrorism? What Problems Does this Pose in Terms of Risk Management? For airports and the airline industry worldwide, the events of September 11, 2001 were absolutely catastrophic, especially in the United States, and resulted in major changes in risk assessment and security procedures. In the United States, all airline security was removed from the hands of the airlines and private contractors and
In spite of the theories regarding an American conspiracy, there is still no solid proof to sustain the speculations. In most cases, including the 9/11 terrorist attack, teenagers are among the first to be affected and influenced by it. Ever since the 9/11 attacks, many American children have been convinced that the Arabs are their enemies and will not stop from harassing the U.S. until they are dealt with. "Growing