Mark Constanzo discussed the argument of deterrence as well, by stating that "Fear of the execution chamber will restrain potential murderers" (Constanzo, 95). However, the author acknowledges that the reality is different in that murder rates have not decreased but instead they increased. Constanzo is against death penalty, and believes that people are perfectible and may change. He used the argument of discrimination against capital punishment by stating that wealth, social status, race etc. play an important role in convictions. Moreover Constanzo used moral and religious arguments against death penalty. For instance he considers the practices related and the methods applied to kill murderers (

On the other hand, psychologist Mark Costanzo denies that the death penalty has the positive practical effects and considers religious and moral arguments - executions increased murder rates, the society is unjust towards murderers reflecting discriminations, the process of murder is dehumanizing, unjust and sinful, by taking away to the murderers the chance of redemption.
Bibliography

Constanzo, Mark. (1997) Just Revenge. Costs and Consequences of the Death Penalty. St. Martin's Press: New York.

Ernest van den Haag (1986) the Ultimate Punishment: A Defense Retrieved at http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/angel/procon/haagarticle.html