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Cognitive Dissonance
1. Explain what cognitive dissonance is and how people avoid dissonance to maintain a positive self-image.
Cognitive dissonance is the feeling one has when two contradictory perceptions or views are held or recognized at the same time. Because people like to feel comfortable and have a positive self-image, they avoid cognitive dissonance by justifying one side of the equationi.e., by squaring the circle through some logical fallacy or some subterfuge that is akin to self-deceit. Unable to dismiss one view or alter ones perspective, values or beliefs even though they are rife with contradiction, one will affirm ones self-identity without changing the contradiction but rather by affirming the contradiction and even ones right to have contradictory sentiments. In fact, this was Tristan Tzaras aim as a Dada poetto simply embrace ones absurdity. People today dont do this so on the nose, but there is a level of unseriousness about peoples self-perception and self-analysis or self-criticism. There is a lack of critical thinking, or an unwillingness to engage with ones thoughts or beliefs. The identity is all that matters, and so long as one can affirm a positive self-image, one can go on happily. Essentially, all it requires to overcome cognitive...…attitude to have, and then to explore it, compare and contrast, and use reason to assess the two. Another way to change attitudes is simply to broaden ones horizon, experience more things directly, read widely, educate oneself, constantly engage in reflection and always assess whether ones bias or viewpoint is justified. This is why continuing education is so important, but even here if one is not willing to ask big questions or face tough truths, be open-minded enough to question oneself and be strong enough to do the homework and do a deep dive into things, one will not really risk…
Cognitive Dissonance Theory and Minimal Justification It was in the 1950's that researchers first postulated the theory known as "minimal justification," a theory that involves "offering the least amount of incentive necessary to obtain compliance." ("SPC 3210, Chapter 7") When one is asked to behave in a certain way that creates cognitive dissonance, the person will develop an aversion for the dissonance and automatically seek ways to reduce it. One way
Cognitive dissonance is disharmony manifested within the human mind, and is quite annoying. Eliot and Devine (1994) sought out to prove that this dissonance that brings us to a disagreeable state of mind is essentially motivation processes at work. More importantly however their work suggested, and to some degree proved, that this mental stress can be effectively reduced by some sort of reduction strategy. For myself self-affirmations, as suggested by
They believe Norwegians have a reputation for being open-minded, respectful, and appreciative of multicultural existence and influence. Breivik's actions made other Norwegians experience cognitive dissonance by behaving outside of the conceptions of Norwegian personalities, behavior, and culture. Again, Breivik does not experience social comparison theory. His self-esteem has not been negatively affected or diminished by being apprehended by Norwegian authorities. He is not altering any behaviors or attitudes. Again, other
Confirmation Bias and How it Can Affect People across Age GroupsIntroductionConfirmation bias is a cognitive bias where people tend to search for, interpret, and recall information that confirms their pre-existing beliefs or values, while ignoring or discounting contradictory evidence (Lee et al., 2022). This bias can lead to flawed decision-making, polarization, and overconfidence. Despite being a well-known phenomenon, confirmation bias remains an active area of research, especially regarding its underlying
Barbie Lost Her Groove Mattel- why managers changed their decision-making over time, and the kinds of cognitive errors therein A formidable business intelligence gathering program identifies threats in good time. However, according to George Day, intelligence is only one aspect of the whole. Day has studied numerous business giants that failed to pick cues from the market and paid dearly for such flips. Day is a marketing professor at the University
With the appropriate controls of variables, the research showed that the recidivism rate of those offenders who got deterrent sentences like 30 months and above, recorded a 29% recidivism rate as compared to those who had relatively shorter terms who had 26% recidivism rates. Proposed herein is the consistency in the punishment handed and not the use of deterrent theory to hand down long sentences or even worse death