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Psychopharmacological Approaches to Treat Psychopathology
The Neuron
The nerve cell body contains cellular organelles where action potential and neural impulses are generated. The process stems from the cellar organelles and connects with other neurons facilitating the flow of neural impulses. Electrical signals are sent from the neuron through the length of its axion that converts into a chemical signal at the axion end. The dendrites are responsible for moving messages from one neuron to another (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2018). Dendrites are short and act in receiving impulses from other neurons and conduct electrical signals towards the nerve cell nucleus. Every neuron has a single axon and has several dendrites that differentiate different structural types of neurons, such as multipolar, pseudo-unipolar, unipolar, or bipolar.
What are the major components that make up the subcortical structures?
The main components include the diencephalon, basal ganglia, pituitary gland, and limbic structures. These structures are associated with complex activities such as emotion, memory, hormone production, and pleasure (Sonne et al., 2021). They act as the information hubs of the nervous systems since they relay and modulate information passing in different areas of the brain.
Which component plays a role in learning, memory, and addiction?
The fundamental mechanisms involving glutamate, dopamine, and the genomic and intracellular targets responsible for neuroplasticity are associated with the natural reward memory and learning (Kelley, 2004). These neurotransmitter systems are distributed extensively in the many regions of the limbic system, basal ganglia, and cortex are involved in...…protein translation simultaneously to their processes. Glias role in the development and specification of the direction of axon development. Glia regulates the formation and pruning of synapses (Allen & Lyons, 2018). Synaptogenesis involves a series of strengthening, formation, and remodeling steps in which glia plays a role at different stages. Glia is also responsible for regulating the concentration of transmitters available at synapses.
Explain the Concept of Neuroplasticity
Neuroplasticity refers to the brains ability to modify, change, and adapt to structure and function throughout life and in response to experiences. Individual differences are associated with variability observed in brain function and structure mechanisms of neuroplasticity (Voss et al., 2017). Some of the determinants of neuroplasticity are age, sex, and sensory experience to produce a brad…
References
Allen, N., & Lyons, D. (2018). Glia as architects of central nervous system formation and function. Science, 362(6411), 181-185. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat0473Kelley, A. (2004). Memory and Addiction. Neuron, 44(1), 161-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2004.09.016
Sonne, J., Reddy, V., & Beato, M. (2021). Neuroanatomy, Substantia Nigra. Retrieved 2 June 2022, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536995/.
US Department of Health and Human Services. (2018). What are the parts of the nervous system?. https://www.nichd.nih.gov/. Retrieved 2 June 2022, from https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/neuro/conditioninfo/parts#:~:text=The%20basic%20unit%20of%20the,(pronounced%20DEN%2Ddrahytz).
Voss, P., Thomas, M., Cisneros-Franco, J., & de Villers-Sidani, É. (2017). Dynamic Brains and the Changing Rules of Neuroplasticity: Implications for Learning and Recovery. Frontiers In Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01657
Psychopathology Understanding of psychopathology Psychopathology has had differentiated opinions from variant psychologists. Warner's opinion of relabeling people's process and Prouty's therapy that offers a mentally unwell person are both discussed in depth for better understanding. Also, the effects of language barrier to collaborating psychologists and psychiatrists in dealing with person-centered therapies have been reviewed in this article. Communication enhancement is fundamental for the relaying of information between the different medical practitioners is
Psychopathology Conceptions of psychopathology help "to delineate which human experiences are considered psychopathological and which are not," (Maddux, Gosselin & Winstead, 2008, p. 3). One conception of psychopathology is that deviation from the norm measured statistically is a valid means by which to label a behavior, condition, or person as psychopathological. This conception is flawed in that a great number of behaviors, conditions, and people deviate from the norm but should
Psychopathology in Popular Film; "A Clockwork Orange" Psychology -- Abnormal Psychopathology symptoms have been analyzed through various movies but the movie "A Clockwork Orange" has raised several deep philosophical questions that are still unanswered. This movie reflected the dilemma that an increase in moral leads to a decrease in freedom. The dualistic society is beautifully portrayed in this movie only consists of victims and perpetrators. The purpose of this term paper
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He suggested the British model of profiling instead, based on the "bottom up" type of processing, which analyzes existing evidence of specific similarities between offense and offender characteristics. The CSA uses the reverse, the "top down" processing, which relies on subjective conclusions derived from investigative experience of crimes and criminal interviews by the police and investigators (Hayden). Motive is the reason behind the commission of a crime (Zandt 2006). It