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¶ … morality is a concept involving humanity having a shared set of laws that makes people feel that certain activities should be condemned. This concept promotes the idea that normal humans have the tendency to agree on these respective laws and that they are able to identify conditions in which someone acts in disagreement to them. Individuals promoting this theory consider that there is a universal chain of insights making it possible for people to get actively involved in developing ethical legislations enabling everyone to acknowledge the fact that they can harm society and particular persons through performing immoral actions.
When discussing with regard to common morality in the context of ethical relativism, is would be safe to say that the two are opposing. Ethical relativism promotes the idea that morality is often the result of nurture rather than it being the result of nature. The two concepts are thus very different, as they present different values and influence one to have different opinions on the idea of morality. To a certain degree, it would be safe to say that ethical relativism claims that morality is the product of a person's environment. As a consequence, two individuals can have opposing opinions with regard to an act.
2. a.) While most people associate God with morality, the latter does not necessarily need the former to exist. God is a channel to understand morality, but someone can have moral thinking without believing in God. Religion as a whole can be considered a set of rules that promote moral values. A person believing in God can have moral values without actually having a complex understanding of these. The respective individual can be a good example of ethical relativism, as he or she came to behave morally as a consequence of the religion that they are following.
b.) An act does not have to be wrong if it is against the law. Laws are designed to prevent immoral acts and most of them are likely to encourage moral behaviors. However, some laws can be against morality as a whole. Capital punishment, for example, perfectly demonstrates the idea of a law that is wrong. While capital punishment exists in a series of states, it is against the idea of morality.
Bibliography:
"What Is Bioethics?," Retrieved January 29, 2016, from https://www.practicalbioethics.org/what-is-bioethics
Stone, B. G. "Bioethics: A Systematic Approach: A Systematic Approach," (Oxford University Press, USA, 3 Feb 2006)
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