Reflection: Child Development
The short video Epigenetics () highlights the degree to being a twin can disturb the individuals sense of self and self-development. One twin actually comments that she feels she looks bad when her twin is not wearing makeup. But the video also highlights how even persons who are genetic clones can be significantly different because of environmental influences. The prenatal environment can turn some genes on or off, and the environment can make it easier for certain genes to be expressed. This may cause a greater likelihood, for example, of one twin to develop cancer and thus have a profoundly different emotional as well as physical trajectory versus the healthy twin. It is important to note that human nature is not an entirely blank slate for development; nurture alone does not influence human beings. Different human brains and bodies may respond to nurturing in profoundly different ways (Stephen Pinker, 2008).
Very rigid concepts of child moral and intellectual development can be problematic, given how biology and culture can influence the developing childs work in tandem. For example, different cultures may prioritize certain concepts, ways of looking at the world, behaviors, or traits above others. Different societies may have different conceptions of volume and mass, physical attractiveness, what traits are valuable, or prioritize the individual versus the collective or vice versa, contrary to some developmental theorists view of human behavior as universally consistent.
Both videos show the importance of society investing in early childhood education, even if children cannot be entirely altered from their fundamental orientation at birth. Finally, both videos highlight the importance of allowing for individual differences in education and vocational preparation, since treating people who are born with profound differences exactly the same does not necessarily promote true equality in the long run.
References
Epigenetics (2012). YouTube. Retrieved from:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=avWwfuJYnnI
Stephen Pinker: Human nature and the blank slate. (2008). YouTube.
Another theory, posited by Erik Erikson, also focuses on the psychological elements of development. According to Eriksson, all children go through the same psychological stages, and so development occurs the same everywhere. Vygotsky believed development to occur differently within different cultures, dependent on the characteristics of the individuals' children are cared for. Finally, a third theory of attachment, is actually quite similar in that it depends on healthy social
Child Development The first two years of life, known as infancy, is universally recognized as an extremely important stage of human development, and is therefore distinguished from the later stages. Infancy witnesses the rapid growth of the child's cognitive, psychosocial, and biosocial development, and the infant's increasing responsiveness to the environment and the people within that environment. Infants grow at a very rapid rate during the first one and a half years
Child Development Humans are born with basic capabilities and distinct temperaments, however, everyone goes through dramatic changes along the way to adulthood, and while growing old (Erikson's pp). According to psychologist Erik H. Erikson, every individual passes through eight developmental stages, called psychosocial stages, and each stage is characterized by a different psychological 'crisis,' which must be resolved by the individual before he or she can move on to the next
Instead of being frustrated and depressed because they are not succeeding, these children feel good about themselves and what they have accomplished. They also have the added benefit of doing something they enjoy and that will give them personal pleasure. These are the children who have the self-confidence to try something new on their own. Understanding child development can also help caregivers and educators recognize when a children are not
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