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Hungary
If there is one country in the world that can claim to have definite definable start, it is Republic of Hungary. The country known as the 'Savior of Europe' and Savior of Christianity traces its roots back to the ninth century when Magyar tribes laid the foundation of a new land in middle Danube. Historian Macartney (1962) wrote: "No state in European history has a beginning so precisely definable as Hungary. It was brought into being well-nigh full-panoplied, by a single act, when the Magyars, until then a people without fixed abode, entered the basin of the middle Danube, a place at that juncture as good as master-less, and made it their home. This was in the last years of the ninth century A.D." (p. 1)
The kingdom of Hungary was however officially established in 1000 A.D with Saint King Stephen at the helm. King Stephen was particularly interested in establishing a Christian state and that was one goal he accomplished with considerable ease. Hungary was however tolerant in its stand on religion and thus many minority groups thrived in this land and continue to co-exist peacefully with dominant Catholic population. Initially Hungary was part of a triangular union with Poland and Bohemia but gradually...
Later conquests by the Ottoman Empire left part of Hungary under direct Austrian rule. Hungary remained under Austrian Habsburg dynasty till the First World War after which it was overtaken by the Communists. However subsequent conquests and alliances with Romania and Nazi Germany saw some significant shifts in political structure and land size of Hungary. The two Great wars marked a period of intensive internal and external political and ideological conflict in Hungary. The government of Admiral Mikl's Horthy joined hands with Nazi Germany in an attempt to recover land losses but this union proved unfortunate for Horthy who was rudely replaced by Ferenc Szalasi in 1944 to avert possible defection.
Democracy and its establishment proved highly complicated tasks in Hungary where dictatorship had been the norm. Even tough the country tried to come out of the shackles of communism a few times, before the collapse of USSR in late 1980s, Hungary was pre-dominantly a communist nation with heavy Soviet presence. Back in 1982, Historian Volgyes wrote: "The realities of daily existence -- namely, the presence of sixty thousand Soviet troops and the threat of millions more -- have imposed upon Hungary an alien ideology. Communism, under Soviet tutelage, has become a state religion, a compulsory faith; a complete…
References
Hungary: A Short History C.A. Macartney. Aldine Pub. Co. Chicago. Publication Year: 1962.
William H. Swatos Jr. Politics and Religion in Central and Eastern Europe: Traditions and Transitions. Praeger, Westport, CT. 1994.
Ivan Volgyes, Hungary, a Nation of Contradictions. Perseus Books (Current Publisher: Perseus Publishing). Boulder, CO. 1982
Hungary" CIA World Factbook: retrieved online 13th September 2004:
http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/hu.html
Hungary Geography Hungary is located in Central Europe, northwest of Romania (CIA 2012, BEEA 2012). It measures 93,000 square kilometers. It is bordered by Romania, Croatia, Austria, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia and Ukraine. Its capital is Budapest (CIA, BEEA). Government Hungary has a Republican form of government (FCO 2012). Its Constitution was adopted on April 18 last year and took effect in January this year. Its four branches of government are the executive, legislative, judicial
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