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As already discussed, the Indus Valley Civilization managed to live peacefully while the other Mesopotamian cultures were entrenched in war, although Cork (2005) questions this based on the presence of weapons in the excavation. Even with the presence of weapons, however, the culture is generally thought to be more peaceful than that of its counterparts. Additionally, that the culture exhibited a cosmopolitan multiculturalism (Cork, 2005: 411) makes it comparable to the ideal model of today's world. Furthermore, evidence suggests that the Indus Valley Civilization managed to survive, for a time, a climate change similar to that which is currently affecting the modern world (Lawler, 2007: 979). In addition to facing problems similar to those faced in today's modern civilizations, the Harappan Culture virtually mimicked the modern culture of the geographic area. This suggests that the Indus Valley Civilization was just as advanced as the other Mesopotamian cultures, not just in terms of technology, government, and social institutions, but also in terms of
... Kenoyer (2003: 68) writes that the modern day festivals he observed while digging in the Indus Valley seemed very similar to the evidence he was uncovering, suggesting similarities between the two cultures. While the people of the Indus Valley Civilization did not create massive ziggurats or pyramids filled with treasures or litter their communities with impressive sculptures like the Egyptians and the Sumerians did, their contributions to history are just as significant, if different. The evidence of social, economic, and political stability in the Indus Valley Civilization, in addition to the quality of items crafted for export (Keynoyer, 2003: 69), may suggest that the civilization was not have been as concerned with finery or burial rituals. Instead, their principal concern of social, political, and economic structure may suggest they were even more advanced than their contemporaries. Evidence from Harappa, the largest city Indus Valley Civilization city, can support this theory. At one point, the city was one of the most wealthy political, cultural, and economic centers in the entire Indus Valley, consisting of traders from both the surrounding nations and far away lands (Keynoyer, 2003: 69). Both because the city was important to the other nations of the Indus Valley, and because its characteristics suggest that it was one of the more advanced, scholars can contend that the civilization is just as important as the ancient Sumerian and Egyptian cultures. Furthermore, scholars have suggested that the Indus Valley Civilization shares many similarities with today's modern civilization. Thus, the Harappan culture is…
State Development in China and Indus ValleyIntroductionThe beginning of Chinese state development may be traced back to the Neolithic era when the first inhabited settlements arose. The Yellow River is the site of the early civilizations(Price et al.457). Located in India's Indus Valley area, one of the country's most fertile and economically significant locations. The Indus and Ghaggar-Hakra Rivers and their estuaries�in what is now Pakistan constituted the major center
Agriculture was also an important part of ancient Chinese civilization. China contains one of the longest recorded habitations of the same land by the same indigenous group of people known in history. It is difficult to tell when their civilization began, as early evidence of grain agriculture extends back as far as 10,000 years. The earliest records of the civilization show that monarchs were also religious heads here, but that
Prior to the solidification of society in the major cities of Greece, the period called the Greek Dark Ages (c. 1100-750 BC) shows that there was a great deal of trade and cultural influence between Greece, Egypt, and the Assyrian/Babylonian cultures, This was a time in which the alphabetic script was brought to Greece, and the basis of culture and technology developed. Because of the influences of the other
Economics in Ancient Civilization It is said that "Rome was not built in a day." Indeed, the Roman Empire was the last of a series of civilizations to emerge in the Mediterranean by the First Millennium, B.C. Precursors to the culture most identified as the seat of Western political economy, the Ancient Egyptians, Etruscans, Greeks, Syrians, Carthaginians and Phoenicians all had contact with the Romans, and eventually were incorporated through territorial
Geography on Political, Cultural, and Economic Development of Early Civilization in Mesopotamia, Egypt and the Indus Valley The focus of this study is the effect of geography on the political, cultural, and economic development of early civilization in Mesopotamia, Egypt and the Indus Valley. The characteristic that Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Indus Valley all have in common is that they were all river valleys. Therefore, the geography of these locations
business culture and expansion trends that exist for American companies in India. The paper focuses on answering the following questions: 1. What are the major elements and dimensions of culture in this region? 2. How are these elements and dimensions integrated by local conducting business in the nation? 3. How do both of the above items compare with U.S. culture and business? 4. What are the implications for U.S.