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Mental Health in America
Mental health: Population-based study
Given the intractability of treating drug addiction, it is troubling that the rates of addiction of young people to illegal drugs and alcohol continues to persist. Despite a decrease in cigarette smoking, "daily marijuana use among high school seniors has increased to its highest point in 30 years" and "nearly two thirds (65%) of high school seniors and nearly one third (29%) of eighth graders have used alcohol in the past month" (Winters, Botzet & Fahnhorst 2011). Treatment rates are not comparable with the demonstrated need for addressing addiction in young people: "about 1.5 million teenagers meet criteria for an SUD [substance abuse dependence]. Of those adolescents, only 111,000 (7%) receive treatment for the disorder" (Winters, Botzet & Fahnhorst 2011). The article "Advances in adolescent substance abuse treatment" offers a summary of the major therapeutic approaches to treating adolescent addicts vs. their adult counterparts.
A number of interventions have been studied in addiction research on adolescents. According to a meta-analysis of various treatment modalities of 55 research studies, the most demonstrably...
In the past, adolescents have been treated much the same as adult addicts in a way that has been criticized as developmentally inappropriate. One of the best-supported interventions with evidence-based research is CBT, which "is centered on the notion that thoughts cause behaviors, and these thoughts determine the way in which people perceive, interpret, and assign meaning to the environment" (Winters, Botzet & Fahnhorst 2011). CBT focuses upon altering maladaptive coping mechanisms and replacing them with more effective methods of self-regulation. Family therapy is also often used with adolescents. This therapeutic modality is based upon the concept that changing the relationships and family structure is essential to creating a supportive environment for the adolescent's recovery and to minimizing any possibility of relapse.
Other, more intensive methods of treatment include in-patient services. In-patient residential housing for adolescent addicts are founded on the principle of creating a treatment community which supports recovery. "TCs tend to be long-term residential treatment programs that often implement a wide variety of therapeutic techniques, including (but not limited to) individual counseling sessions, family therapy, 12-step techniques, life skills techniques, and recreational techniques" (Winters, Botzet & Fahnhorst 2011). 12-step programs can also be deployed outside of residential settings. "Approximately 2.3% of AA…
References
Winters, K, Botzet, A. & Fahnhorst, T. (2011). Advances in adolescent substance abuse treatment. Current Psychiatry Rep, 13(5): 416 -- 421.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3166985/
Therefore, aftercare often concentrates on different ways to manage stress, deal with urges, develop healthy relationships, etc. One of the biggest issues with treating addictions is that the initial stages such as detoxification are typically successful; however, relapse rates tend to be high (McNeece & DiNitto, 2008). As mentioned above the number one reason for relapse and stress, but there are other factors that play into relapse. There has been
Abstract Addictions come in various formats and types. Today, drug and substance abuse has been identified as some of the most prevalent forms of addiction – with most of those affected being the youth. In essence, the future of the world, and more specifically the future of our nation, is largely founded on the sobriety and ability of those in the youthful age bracket to effectively function (both mentally and physically)
Introduction Addiction does not have an assigned definition. This effectively means that there are various definitions to drug and alcohol addiction that have been explored in the past. For purposes of this discussion, addiction will be defined as “a chronic, relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive drug seeking, continued use despite harmful consequences, and long-lasting changes in the brain” (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2019). In addition to evaluating the effectiveness of
Psychosocial Ramifications of Drug & Alcohol Abuse A Japanese proverb in its pithiness adequately accounts for the entire process of drug and alcohol abuse. To wit: "Man takes Drink. Drink takes Drink. Drink takes Man." One of the problems with understanding drug or alcohol abuse is the psychosocial ramifications associated with the problem. Moral associations cloud the behavioral and physiological factors. For some time now, alcohol and drug addiction have been
Addiction as a Disease While drug addiction may not bring about obvious physical changes like some diseases, it still causes permanent changes to the brain. Drugs circumvent the natural system of rewards generated by the brain, whereby performing a pleasurable action will cause a release of dopamine. "The natural capacity to produce dopamine in the reward system is reduced, while the need persists and the drug seems to be the only
Addiction Methadone Maintenace Methadone Methadone Maintenance Methadone maintenance is essentially the use of methadone over a period of time for the treatment of individuals who are addicted to opioid drugs such as heroin. In more formal terms the central aim of methadone maintenance is defined as follows: "Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) can help injection drug users (IDUs) reduce or stop injecting and return to productive lives" (METHADONE MAINTENANCE TREATMENT, 2002) There is still however a