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Students with higher levels of vocabulary can also express themselves in more unique and complex formats, essentially increasing their ability to comment on the reading material in a way that better correlates with their exact emotions or experiences associated with that reading material.
Writing summaries for reading material is another method of using writing exercises to increase literacy levels. Teachers should implement lessons were students write hierarchal summaries that help organize the structure of reading material in a shape that is more familiar and understandable to students (Meltzer, Cook, & Clark, 2011). Writing summaries force students to internalize the material and reassert it in a different way. This further engages them with the texts, as they are forced to put the material in their own words.
Thirdly, using student-generated content to expose weaknesses in understanding can play a key role. Having students generate questions they have to share with the class about the reading material is an important strategy that should be implemented in all reading exercises. These force students to focus on what they do not understand, essentially pinpointing the exact ideas that need greater clarification through teacher assistance.
Moreover, teachers can use student-centered activities that focus on the use writing assignments that make connections to each individual's own life experiences. Such classroom environments invite students to actively participate in the reading material by making their own unique connections to the text. They can reference their own experiences,...
These connections can then be put down in writing to strengthen the students' connection to the text, but to also help generate a sense of motivation for writing based on the personal attachment they have to the experiences they are connecting to the reading material they are exposed to. In student-centered environments "teachers expect students to make and share these connections in written and spoken communication, thereby fostering an inclusive climate for literacy development" (Meltzer, Cook, & Clark, 2011, p 18).
Finally, using creative responses in writing exercises can also help. Some students learn how to express themselves in more creative manners. Thus, being able to write outside of the academic structure can help students be more imaginative in their analysis of textual material. Re-writing different endings or adding in character biographies is a great way to expand a student's understanding of texts.
References
Guthrie, John T. (2001). Contexts for engagement and motivation in reading. Reading Online. 4(8). Retrieved September 21, 2012 from http://www.readingonline.org/articles/art_index.asp?HREF=/articles/handbook/guthrie/index.html
Guthrie, John T. (2012). Adolescent literacy: Issues, knowledge base, design principles, and challenges. Center on Instruction. Web. Retrieved September 21, 2012 from http://centeroninstruction.org/
Melzter, Julie, Cook, Nancy, & Clark, Holly. (2011). Adolescent Literary Resources: Linking Research and Practice. Center for Resource Management. Brown University. Web. Retrieved September 20, 2012 from www.alliance.brown.edu/pubs/adlit/alr_lrp.pdf
G., using prior knowledge, self-monitoring for breaks in comprehension, and analyzing new vocabulary);growth in conceptual knowledge (e.g., reading tradebooks to supplement textbook information) (Alvermann, D, 2001). However a very important thing I should mention is the existence of big gaps in adolescent literacy achievement in high school, as I noted above, but, the gap was also defined as the disparity in White and Black students' achievement and in richer and poorer
Studying a sample of 153 top commercial Web sites directed at children under 13, the CME found that COPPA has spurred changes in Web sites' data collection practices. Web sites had limited the amount and type of information (e.g., name, postal address, phone number, age) collected from children, and there was a three-fold increase in the posting of privacy policy information explaining sites' data collection practices. A few sites
Instructional Strategies Question answer strategy (QAR) teaches students how and when to use their texts when answering comprehension questions. Collaboration, specifically co-teaching, has been shown to be effective with special education teachers and content-area teachers in the general education classroom. The QAR strategy can enhance comprehension across different content areas. Fenty, N.S., McDuffie-Landrum, K., and Fisher, G. (2012). Using collaboration, co- teaching, and question answer relationships to enhance content area literacy.
(Reading for the 21st Century: Adolescent Literacy Teaching and Learning Strategies," 2004) 2. Alphabetic Principle-related Skills: This includes: "phonemic awareness, the ability to manipulate the sounds of oral language and phonics and the relationship of letters to sound." (Ibid) Strategies includes instruction" that focuses on high-frequency, sound- spelling relationships." (Ibid) 3. Fluency: This is the ability to read "quickly, accurately and with appropriate expression." (Ibid) Strategies include: "guided oral reading and
Adolescent Literacy Plan of Action Successful academic learning and student performance are founded on literacy (Meltzer & Ziemba, 2006). Listening, reading, observational, writing, presentation, speaking and critical thinking skills are used by literate students to learn, communicate what they have learned and even transfer the knowledge gained to other scenarios (Meltzer & Ziemba, 2006). A literacy leadership team and the school principal must lead continual improvement as a goal for students
Reading Comprehension in the Middle Grades Reading comprehension refers to a complex, active process that incorporates reader-related (linguistic awareness), activity-related (studying for the purpose of keeping information in mind for retrieval in future) and text-related (high-level vocabulary) variables, all of which are correlated in a broader socio-cultural context. However, studies on development of reading comprehension have, thus far, been typified by focus on student traits and/or specified instructional systems (Carnegie Council