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¶ … Financial Statement
The four financial statements are the balance sheet, income statement, statement of cash flow, and statement of owner's equity. Briefly, the balance sheet is comparison of assets to liabilities and equity. This statement is indicative of a company's position at a specific time. The income statement is a record of a company's operations over a given period of time. It shows a company's expenses, losses and revenues and is indicative of the company's net income during that period of time. The statement of cash flows is intended to provide information about a company's cash receipts and cash payments for operations, investments and financing during an accounting period. Finally, the statement of owner's equity is intended to show changes in owner's or shareholder's equity from one fiscal year to the next. Owner contributions and any additional capitol, such as the sale of new shares, are added to the equity, while dividend payments and owner withdrawals are subtracted. Financial statements are generally supplemented by information from management to explain anomalies in revenues that may have occurred during the course of the accounting period (U.S. Security and Exchange Commission, 2007).
Both internal and external entities use these statements in order to inform the decision making process. These documents provide pertinent information on the financial position (balance sheet),
Purpose of the Income Statement
The income statement represents the flow of resources: revenues, expenses and profits, which reveal financial performance of over a specific period of time. In addition to reporting profit or loss results the income statement helps decision makers focus on overall revenues and costs involved in generating these revenues. The income statement provides much of the basic data need to calculate the financial ratios used in planning and controlling activities. An income statement begins with total revenue generated during a year, quarter, or month, and then deducts all the costs related to producing the revenue. The final figure on the income statement, net income after taxes, is the so called bottom line (Kurtz, 2010).
Application of the Income Statement in Everyday Life
Personal Finance is an important aspect of everyday life. A personal finance statement is essential to evaluating an individual's ability to afford both large and small purchases and should drive a personal budget. Budgeting is the process of assigning monies for a particular purpose. In order to make the best use of one's income it is crucial not to spend more money than one makes. Deficit spending can be easily done, and is a financial trap that can take decades to overcome. Whether making a budget for an annual salary of $24,000 or an annual salary $240,000, the fundamental…
References
Kurtz, D.L. (2010). Contemporary Business, 13th ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
U.S. Security and Exchange Commission. (2007, February 5). Beginner's guide to financial statements. U.S. security and exchange commission. Retrieved August 24, 2012, from http://www.sec.gov/investor/pubs/begfinstmtguide.htm
"Uses of the income statement in financial accounting." (2010). Financial-accounting.us, Retrieved August 24, 2012, from http://www.albany.edu/news/pdf_files/impact_of_aging_excerpt.pdf
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