¶ … Leaders Born or Made? Proposed Outline The question as to whether leaders are born or made has been actively debated for years. The debate continues. However, careful evaluation of leadership behaviors and an informed analysis of literature on management and leadership demonstrate that actually, leaders are both born and made. It is important to note that although individuals could be trained to be effective leaders, some people tend to have what could be referred to as natural aptitude for leadership.

Counter Argument

Leaders are Born

The claim that leaders are born, not made, has been around for a long time. Those advancing this argument are convinced that leadership is in the genes, that great leaders possess some genetic characteristics that underwrite their success as leaders.

B.

During the early periods of the 20th century, most were of the view that to be an effective leader, an individual had to be born with inherent traits of leadership. Many psychologists of the era, like Jung, claimed that leadership traits were inherited, and not acquired. Today, there are some who, like Jung, are still convinced that leaders are born, not made. To put this argument into perspective, it would be prudent to, amongst other things, highlight the findings of a recent research undertaking that sought to "test the nature of leaders and followers using pairs of fish" (Nakayama, 2013). As the author further points out, leaders and followers are not unique to humans - they are found in many other animals that live a group setting, such as fish. Titled, "Experience Overrides Personality Differences in the Tendency to Follow but not in the Tendency...

The authors of this particular article advise individuals to stick to their "natural" roles, i.e. The roles that are born to play.
C.

The arguments above are largely faulty.

D.

As convincing as the arguments presented above may appear, it should be noted that of all the studies that have been undertaken with an aim of identifying a specific set of leadership traits, "no one has come up with a universal list of traits that all successful leaders possess, or traits that will guarantee leadership success" (Lussier and Achua, 2012, p. 19). This effectively means that there are no specific psychological or physical traits all leaders are born with.

2) Leaders are Made

A.

There are also those who are convinced that leaders are made, not born. In this case, leadership is taken to be more than just mere personality traits. Instead, it is seen as the development of special characteristics that inspire others to not only seek ways of achieving their full potential, but also work to accomplish organizational goals. Leaders, according to this point-of-view, are made by commitment to both professional and personal development, hard work, and on the job experience.

B.

One of those who have over time advanced this point-of-view is Ram Chiran, an executive consultant. In addition to highlighting a number of essential skills which he believes all leaders share, Chiran "emphasizes that anyone can develop these leadership know-how's, no matter what their personality traits" (Daft, 2014, p. 9). Vince Lombardi, who Lussier and Achua (2012, p. 9) describe as "NFL Greenback Packers legendry football coach," is also one of those who firmly believe that leaders are made, and not born. In his own opinion, it is hard work that makes great leaders. C.

Although some leadership skills could be learned, some forces of personality like charisma cannot be learnt; meaning that…