Democracy's Guidelines and the Supreme Court

Introduction

The United States has followed important democratic guidelines from the beginning. These are written in important documents such as the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. Over the years, these guidelines have been used and interpreted in different ways through important Supreme Court decisions and key actions by Presidents. How power is shared between the three parts of government, how individual rights are protected, and how social rules change have been influenced by these court decisions and presidential actions. This paper looks at the main ideas and guidelines of American democracy. It also talks about Supreme Court cases and presidential actions that have greatly changed the country's laws and society.

The Guidelines of American Democracy

The basic guidelines and ideas of American democracy are written in the Declaration of Independence and the United States Constitution. These are the main documents that guide the country. These guidelines include the idea that power comes from the people, the idea of a republic, limited government, dividing power, and individual rights (Dippel, 1996).

Power Comes from the People

This guideline says that the people are the source of power. The start of the Constitution says, "We the People," highlighting that government power comes from the people's agreement. This idea is also repeated in the Declaration of Independence, which says that governments are created by people and get their fair powers from the agreement of the people.

Republic

American democracy uses a republic type of government, which means that people vote for representatives to make decisions for them. This provides a balance between a direct democracy, which can lead to the majority having too much power, and the need for effective government.

Limited Government and Rule of Law

The U.S. Constitution puts specific limits on what the government can do to prevent misuse of power. This guideline, called limited government, is made to protect citizens from random and unfair rule (Smith, 1997). The rule of law says that no one is above the law, not even the people in power, making sure everyone is equal under the law.

Dividing Power

The Constitution shares governmental powers between three parts: the legislative, the executive, and the judicial. This is done to prevent power from being concentrated in one place or in one set of hands. The intention was to establish a system where each part can limit and balance the others. This is known as separation of powers.

Individual Rights and Freedoms

The Declaration of Independence...…Union more manpower and moral strength.

Executive Order 9066 (1942)

Given by President Franklin Roosevelt after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Executive Order 9066 allowed for the forced relocation and internment of about 120,000 Japanese Americans (Nakanishi, 2009). This is often seen as one of the worst violations of civil rights in American history. Many interned citizens lost their homes and businesses, and the effect on the Japanese American community was deep and long-lasting. It was not until 1988 that the U.S. government formally apologized for the internment with the Civil Liberties Act, which gave reparations to survivors of the internment camps.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the basic principles of American democracy, while based in the nation's founding documents, have been interpreted and evolved over the centuries. The U.S. Supreme Court, through important decisions like Marbury v. Madison, Brown v. Board of Education, and Roe v. Wade, has had an essential role in shaping these principles and setting important legal precedents. At the same time, presidential actions, from the Emancipation Proclamation to Executive Order 9066, have greatly affected society, sometimes moving the nation towards its ideals and at other times challenging them. Understanding these decisions and actions gives us insight into the American democratic process, showing both its strength in maintaining…