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Evolution of Terrorism
Terrorism has developed to become one of the major security threats across the globe in recent years because it's constantly changing. Adversaries have increasingly used terrorism as a tool to achieve their goals because of its impact on targeted societies. The early users or practitioners of terrorism did not have any doctrine or philosophy that guided their terrorist activities. However, the use of terrorism in the 19th Century was guided by two ideologies communism and anarchism. These ideologies embraced violent social change and promoted the total destruction of existing systems on the premise that unlawful rebellion and warfare in crucial to achieve their goals. While communism was centered on economic class warfare, anarchism relatively focused on rejection of nearly every system or form of governance. Anarchism has become the motivation for contemporary terrorism because it's largely attractive to violent extremists who focus on rejecting all forms of governance. During the early years of the 20th Century, terrorism was used by ethnicities and minorities to advocate for recognition and independence. However, in the aftermath of the Second World War, terrorism developed to become a major element of modern conflict. It has developed from a tool used by minorities to seek for recognition and autonomy to a tool used to cause far-reaching effects across the globe in order to achieve certain political and social ideologies.
In the 20th Century, the principal developmental forces behind terror activities and acts are political ideologies and
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Since modern terrorism is based on anarchy, it has become bloodier with regards to the kinds of acts carried out and the number of victims involved. The magnitude of the impact of terrorism continues to increase nearly every decade (Jenkins, 2006). In the 1970s, 80s, and 90s, terror attacks caused fatalities in tens and hundreds. Since the year 2000, these acts have caused thousands of fatalities such as the 9/11 terror acts. Terrorism has become bloodier because we are living in an era of transnational terrorism that reached its peak during 9/11 attacks.
The evolution of terrorism has also been fueled by new communication technologies that have characterized modern society. Terrorist groups and organizations are increasingly exploiting new communications technologies because it enables them to reach multiple audiences throughout the world. In an era of transnational terrorism, new communications technologies have created a new model of terror (Sofer, 2011). Through these technologies, terrorist organizations are no longer centralized or hierarchical…
References
Jenkins, B.M. (2006). The New Age of Terrorism. Retrieved September 22, 2016, from http://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/reprints/2006/RAND_RP1215.pdf
Sofer, K. (2011, September 9). The Evolution of Terrorism Since 9/11. Retrieved September 22, 2016, from https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/news/2011/09/09/10320/the-evolution-of-terrorism-since-911/
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