Durkheim Four Principles of Deviance In looking at the four functions of deviance in the context of examples. Namely rock and roll music and marijuana smoking, etc. In the 1950s and 1960s compared to today.

The first function according to Durkheim is that deviance gives affirmation to validate the values and cultural norms that guide behavior in society (Macionis, 2006).

In America a guiding principle of society has always been morality. Since the country was founded on a primary belief in Godly ("In God we Trust") principles of right and wrong. Along with the freedoms that comes with allowing people of all religions to determine their own destinies. With this freedom comes the realization that there will be differences in opinion about behavior and the type of attitudes that accompany a moral premise. If there is a virtue of what is 'acceptable' or good in society there has to be a departure from that behavior with what is 'unacceptable', bad. In the case of deviant behavior this 'unacceptable' form of conduct is a necessary function to give credibility to 'acceptable' behavior and to define morality. Emile Durkheim remarked that deviance is not an abnormal circumstance, but simply a necessary part of culture (Macionis, 2006).

Using Rock...

The music was considered 'unacceptable' and 'bad' by cultural standards and therefore an immoral activity.
2. The second function of deviance is the clarification of 'acceptable' moral boundaries (Macionis, 2006). As mentioned if some behaviors are considered deviant such as listening to Rock n Roll music. Those that listened and danced to Rock n Roll music were needed punishment or discipline. For example Adults frowned and imposed punishment on youths that listened to the music and in many states the music was banned from being played on the radio (Digital Dream Door, 2005). There were actual court proceedings and laws in place to stop the music from being played (Digital Dream Door, 2005). In 1955 the percentage of rock and roll listeners was around 15% though many artists were beginning to experiment with the music, it was considered 'bad' or 'immoral' (Digital Dream Door, 2005). There were radio stations that were willing to blackball or refuse to play certain Rock n Roll artists in support of what was deemed the mainstream standards, swing, big band, or good music that was acceptable to play instead. Rock n Roll music mainly appealed to the young and allowed them to express themselves pushing the rules of parents to the limits. This of course was not looked on with favor by the adults. However, more and more artists begin to explore Rock n Roll, make records and perform. From Bo Diddley, and Jerry Lee Lewis to Chuck Berry, and Elvis the music grew in popularity until…