Social Activism and Literature
Two of the major themes in 20th century American literature are war and social protest. The United States has been engaged in a steady series of wars since the beginning of the 20th century. With the carnage of the First World War, the horrors of the Second, the futility of Vietnam, many writers and artists contributed to the literature of protest with respect to war, and America's involvement in it.
Amy Lowell's September, 1918 is a good example of how writers reacted to the First World War. Its presentation of a wistful era where there is no war, juxtaposed against the current "broken world," illustrates the yearning that many had for a world without war. The First World War had essentially eliminated any romance that there was of war in society, and its brutality would spark this sort of response across the world. For the first time, it became quite popular to think of a world without war, because now war was nothing but senseless destruction....
The focus of this
short story is on the post-traumatic stress faced by the soldier Krebs. By the time he returns to his small town Kansas home, the people there realize that the soldiers who survived the war were shattered, damaged beings. The return home is anything but joyous -- even though they survived, in many cases these were lives ruined. Krebs in an exchange with his
mother at the breakfast tables tells her "I am not in the Kingdom of
God," alluding to the horrors he has been through. The reality of the world is harsh for returning soldiers -- Krebs cannot handle that he must
lie, because he sees war as built on lies, and how many millions died for lies. The circumstances that brought about his experiences in the war he sees, in a sense, repeated in the
society in which he is now trying to live. He has changed and evolved from his experiences but the rest of his small town has not changed, and there is a strong disconnect.
Both the story and Lowell's poem portray the rejection that many felt in the aftermath of the war -- a rejection of war, the causes of war and an appreciation for…
