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Rhetoric
George Campbell defines rhetoric as "the art or talent by which discourse is adapted to its end. The four ends of discourse are to enlighten the understanding, please the imagination, move the passion, and influence the will." The success of each of these four components of rhetoric can render an argument either effective or ineffective. Campbell therefore defines effective rhetoric mainly in terms of its aims, rather than in terms of the components of the discourse itself such as ethos, pathos, and logos.
Any effective rhetoric will "enlighten the understanding." One of the foremost jobs of a rhetorician is to deepen the audience's understanding on his or her chosen subject. For example, if a speaker is discussing global warming, he or she will want to provide some background information on the phenomenon: perhaps the history of global warming and the basic scientific...
Enlightening the understanding entails the development of knowledge through learning. The rhetorician acts as a sort of teacher for this aim of rhetoric. Whether a writer or a public speaker, a rhetorician needs to enlighten the understanding of the audience. Without enlightening the audience and increasing understanding of the subject matter, the audience may leave confused or disillusioned, and the speaker (or writer) will lose his or her credibility as an effective rhetorician. Furthermore, without enlightening the understanding, the rhetorician may lose the audience's attention altogether, thereby defeating the original purpose of the argument. The function of enlightening the understanding is primarily to provide an intellectual and factual foundation for the argument.
To "please the imagination" is one of the most difficult tasks of the rhetorician. Pleasing the imagination may involve invoking mental imagery in the audience. For example, a writer may describe in detail the suffering of children in Africa to stimulate the audience to donate money to a charity. By offering poignant examples that pertain to the subject matter, the…
interventionism from the perspective of realism vs. idealism. Realism is defined in relationship to states' national interests whereas idealism is defined in relation to the UN's Responsibility to Protect doctrine -- a doctrine heavily influenced by Western rhetoric over the past decade. By addressing the question of interventionism from this standpoint, by way of a case study of Libya and Syria, a picture of the realistic implications of "humanitarian
Social Contracts: Media Articulation Of The Rites Of HETEROSEXUAL vs. HOMOSEXUAL MARRIAGE RIGHTS In the Land of the Free where the Bill of Rights is supreme, all marital unions between consenting adults should be accorded the same level of societal respect and legality under federal and state laws. It was just a few decades ago when the Gay Rights Movement was born in a raucous Greenwich Village bar, but homosexuals have become
social science research are qualitative and quantitative research methods. Qualitative research is believed to operate from a subjective, constructionist view of reality, whereas quantitative research operates from an objective, positivist viewpoint of the world. There has been quite a bit of debate over the merits of each of these approaches, often with one paradigm belittling the assumptions of the other. The current literature review explores the philosophical foundations of
Principal-Agent Model in Economics and Political Science The international political perspectives of free trade A Global Analysis International Trade Impact on Tunisia The Export of agricultural products International trade and development of Tunisia Balance in the Trade Regime Imports and exports of Tunisia Exports Imports Coping With External and Internal Pressures The Common External Tariff (CET) Safeguard Measures Anti-Dumping Duties (ADDs) and Countervailing Duties (CVDs) Rules of origin The New Commercial Policy Instrument Sector Based Aspects GATT/WTO's Main Principles Non-discriminatory trade Multilateral negotiation and free trade The Trading Policies