Reality versus Perceptions

Perceived and objective reality is two contrasting terms that most people find confusing; some use them to mean the same thing. However, the perceived reality is when one neglects facts, misinformation, and biases regarding what others believe in, and their perception is the reality (Hinsch et al., 2020). In contrast, objective reality is based on accurate and reliable factual concepts that apply to everyone. Even though there are objective and perceived realities, most people are influenced by the perceived realities due to reading them from books or even inheriting the knowledge from the preceding generations. This makes them believe their decisions are accurate and others should think in line with them.

Attribution theory

Attribution theory is mainly employed in the psychology of people as it is concerned with how ordinary people explain why they settle with a particular reality or their causes of events. Therefore this theory came about by describing how people with perceived realities use their information to arrive at a simple explanation for their events since it analyzes the information gathered and how the perceived reality has been used to arrive at the casual judgment (Spilka et al., 2019). Besides, the world is very complex and diverse. Most people are nave psychologists who try to make sense of what they are experiencing in their surroundings, creating a cause-and-effect relationship even when non-existing. Besides, to elaborate precisely on the attribution theory, one must view it from either a dispositional or situational perspective. Disposition mainly entails the internal characteristics of an individual and how it influences their cause of behavior in that before making a judgment, one will factor in the personality traits. On the other side, situational attribution is based on outside personal control when assigning the cause of the behavior.

Therefore, attribution theory plays a significant role in the consistency of how one believes their perception is reality. A perfect example is when one is lying about them working, and because you see them every morning getting up for work, you tend to believe they are working because of their consistency. Shifting it to consensus perception, religion could be the best example because this is a union of people with a shared belief; hence they will have similar behaviors, opinions, and activities. The other side of attribution theory is about distinctiveness in that an individual need to use their perception of reality to identify their purpose as separate and how to distinguish things they believe is the reality

Bias

Bias is very diverse, and many people make conclusions based on their preferences. Therefore factoring the prejudice and perception...

This is very difficult to commemorate as preferences cannot be measured because one can be very biased towards someone without understanding how biased they are. For instance, in a working environment governed by ethics and codes of conduct, a particular employee feels their coworker is not performing his duties diligently, breaching the work's ethical behavior. If one is called to make a judgment and determine if the coworker is breaching work ethics, they have never worked together. It will be challenging to determine if they have good work ethics, but the decision they will arrive at is filled with...…when a person is correct (Hinsch et al., 2020). This transforms in the workplace when the manager has their preferences based on their personalities, which limits them in realizing other employees' efforts towards obtaining the organization's goals. This makes the manager too comfortable with the employee and might even be unable to recognize the employee's mistakes or the potential of other employees.

Contrast effect

This is the perceived reality influenced by something one is unsure about because of limited information. Still, they perceive it as accurate because it positively impacts their life. For instance, they are listening to someone who loses something valuable that they might be possessing and might even influence them to lose it.

Stereotyping

This is a cognitive process in perception reality when one picks to collaborate with a particular group of people to stereotype without realizing it. For instance, believing in a specific culture makes people stay in distinctive groups since they associate better there and stick to only what they know, which might even bring racism into the workplace.

How to be aware of the biases and strategies for minimizing them

Biases are everywhere in the surroundings, and as a leader, one must be aware of them by understanding and analyzing what people are saying and the reason behind them. This will mold their thinking capacity and what they communicate with people around them. Besides, they must be open-minded and willing to learn new perspectives regarding a particular problem (Weiner, 2018). Therefore the strategies used in mitigating this is observing and gathering sufficient data about the scenario and then analyzing the case before making decisions rather than taking everything said by others as that could result…