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Freshmen Students in Puerto Rico: Speaking English
The objective of the research proposed in this study is to examine the problem of student in Puerto Rico being unable to speak English. According to Principe (2005) the majority of the population in Puerto Rico speaks Spanish yet the texts for much of college and university learning content is written in English. It is reported that while Spanish is the primary language of most residents of Puerto Rico, that the United States, had insisted until 1930 on making English the language utilized in instruction in schools. In 1948 the policy changed and Spanish replaced English in the educational system in Puerto Rico and both languages were declared as Puerto Rico's official languages. The work of Rodriguez (nd) also addresses English language and the educational system in Puerto Rico and states that there has been a historical aversion to use of the English language by Puerto Ricans and that the reason for this is politically-based. However, most recently, the use of English in the educational setting is gaining in importance and no longer should English be viewed as a competing language but instead as an enabling language. In another report it is stated that ESL students face…
Theoretical/Conceptual Framework
The theoretical/conceptual framework for this study is based on the relevancy of the content used in ESL instruction in Puerto Rico schools and such that calls for English written material with content that is both interesting and pertinent to Puerto Rican students. The work of Robertson (2011) relates that culturally responsive content is critically important in promoting and motivating ESL learners. This is also termed as 'Content-Centered Language Learning' in the work of Crandall (1994) who states that the theory of Krashen (1992) held "Krashen suggests that a second language is most successfully acquired when the conditions are similar to those present in first language acquisition: that is, when the focus of instruction is on meaning rather than on form; when the language input is at or just above the proficiency of the learner; and when there is sufficient opportunity to engage in meaningful use of that language in a relatively anxiety-free environment." (p.1)
Literature Review
The work of Principe (2005) reports an examination of the factors that influence student's academic performance at
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References
Claudio, AM (2006) CRITIQUE NO. 1. Resnick, M.C. (1993). ESL and language planning in Puerto Rican Education. Tesol Quarterly, 7 (2), 259-273
Crandall, J. (1994) Content-Centered Language Learning. Center or Applied Linguistics. Retrieved from: http://www.cal.org/resources/digest/cranda01.html
English Language Valorization in Puerto Rico: A Review of Literature. Rivista Kalathos. Retrieved from: http://kalathos.metro.inter.edu/Num_4/ArticuloValorizacion.pdf
Principe, HR (2005) Factors Influencing Students' Academic Performance in the First Accounting Course: A Comparative Study Between Public and Private Universities in Puerto Rico. Retrieved from: http://ponce.inter.edu/cai/tesis/hrodriguez/index.pdf
Robertson, K. (2011) Connect Student's Background Knowledge to Content in the ELL Classroom. Colorin Colorado. Retrieved from: http://www.colorincolorado.org/article/20827/
Puerto Rico Accounting Laws in Puerto Rico Roger Stein The Rovira Biscuit company has been a mainstay in the Puerto Rican snack market for more than 80 years. First established in 1929, the company specializes in a wide range of cookies, crackers and other comestibles that have continue to be enjoyed by Puerto Rican consumers even to present day. Additionally, Rovira is a company which continues to push forward, striving for additions to
(Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ)) "After spending 85 days in jail for not giving up the name of source Lewis 'Scooter' Libby as part of the controversial CIA leak case in 2005, former New York Times reporter Judith Miller could say she has a vested interest in getting a federal journalism shield law on the books. Since leaving the Times, Miller has become an advocate for the shield law."
The first immigrants came with the intention of making it rich and then going back to their home country, but many stayed, which did create a more prosperous island, as more wealth was being circulated in the island's borders, rather than exported back to Spain. This second chapter of coffee prosperity was then followed by a third story told by the children of these agrarian people, who became professionals
Juan Gonzalez has described the Latino experience in the United States. One of the important things that he discusses in the demographics of Latino population in the United States, noting that Latinos are going to be a major demographic nationwide by 2050 and that half of all Americans could have Latino ancestry by the end of the century. This is something that is likely to be transformative in terms of
Dream Vacation Project Planning a vacation may not be as easy as one may think. In fact, without proper planning, the vacation may not be a success. One must decide when to travel, where to travel, where to stay, what to see and experience, how much to spend, and so forth. It is actually a process that requires meticulous preparation. This paper provides a plan for a dream vacation in Puerto
Both Hurricane Irma and Hurricane Maria hit Puerto Rico hard, with Maria being especially devastating. As of October 24—many weeks after the hurricane hit—the island has barely recovered its essential services. The majority (80%) of the electrical system is back on, and third of the island is without safe drinking water (Saldaña, 2017). As Nedelman (2017) also points out, diseases like Leptospira are spreading through contaminated water. The hurricane is