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Lying: Deceit in Language
Tools, such as hammers, have no inherent intent to deceive or malign. Only in the hands of its users do morals come into play. Lying is relative and in some instances the best of choices. Introspection accompanied with reasoning skills will help those receiving language signals to properly classify, and then act upon or ignore, these relations. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relative use of language, and specifically the relationship to its use and intentional miscommunication or deception.
I will develop this argument using the suggested written materials in order to point out how every argument can be interpreted with doubt and the intended consequence of deceit. I will also explore the idea of manipulation through deceptive language and the characteristics of such actions. It is my opinion that manipulation is a self-inflicted process that relies on an individual's decision to rely more on the experiences and tales of someone else as opposed to one's own take on an issue: " masses would not have been conquered, however, if they had known how to challenge and to question, how to make distinctions between propaganda and reasonable argument." (Sylvar) This two way argument is circular in nature but still...
However, most would agree that communication is predominately non-verbal making his argument too picky and not embracing a finer point of enlightenment. Knowing and accepting his critique on the language, however will no doubt serve to help those wishing to find truth and eliminate contradiction within this realm of language. Only when this information is coupled with the reason acquired through experience may students begin to learn and assimilate what is important when communicative methods are being employed.
Logical fallacies are the student's best friend in determining what is useful and what is tailored for perhaps a different audience. Religion may fail under logical analysis, but to the devout follower of any scripture or written word (science included) these felicitous arguments hold specific meaning. More importantly, religion and dramatized wordings work better in most cases than boring matter of fact rhetorical presentation. Cross' essay laid out many important logical fallacies…
Language Deliberately deceptive language manipulates the audience. This is as true for the use of propaganda for nefarious political purposes, such as voter manipulation, as it is for good old-fashioned maintenance of prejudices via the proliferation of stereotypes. Advertising is replete with manipulative language constructed to sell products and services. Language can be used to distract, impress, persuade, and achieve goals other than the direct communication of thoughts and ideas. Specific
Consumer Psychology Persuasion lies at the heart of successful advertising and marketing campaigns. In attempting to persuade individuals and groups, advertising agencies and social psychologists face the enormous difficulty of changing attitudes. The following technique achieves attitude change by manipulating the underlying beliefs. Changing Beliefs. Although consumer attitudes are notoriously resistant to change, this technique achieves it through switching the focus of its attack away from the attitudes themselves and onto the underlying
OTHELLO Shakespeare uses the soliloquy in Act 2 Scene 3 lines 335-362 to demonstrate to the audience Igao's nature and to provide insight into his character. In this scene, Igao reveals a devious plot that involves three other characters in the play with the intention on destroying two of them, Othello and Cassio. The third, Desdemona, is secondary and her function to him is only as a vessel to carry his
Akutagawa uses perspectivism in his story In a Grove here the main focus is on the incident that is being investigated by the high police commissioner. Here Takehiko is found murdered and the police highly suspect Tajomaru "The man that I arrested? He is a notorious brigand called Tajomaru." Tajomaru, confesses to the murder and gives a detailed description of the occurrence of the incident he began with agreeing and
1529). Linked to but separate from attachment theory, cognitive theories focus on identifying deficient or distorted cognitive structures and processes that may contribute to a disorder (Mash & Barkley, 2003). Taken together, the foregoing findings suggest that both attachment theory and cognitive theory could be used to help identify internal and external factors that may contribute to the development of Munchausen's syndrome. References Buchanan, G.M. & Seligman, M.E.P. (1995). Explanatory style.
primates are more cognitively advanced than other mammals and that the degree of cognitive awareness and ability grows significantly from prosimians to humans. However, researchers still debate which parameters should be used to define and compare intelligence as well as the causal factors leading to this cognitive growth. Intelligence is a concept hard to define and even more difficult to test for in living species. In studying how human