Sign Up Now
Get instant access to over 1 million+ study documents
OR
Already registered? click here to login
By creating your account, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and student honor code.
Preliminary Research Proposal
Purpose of Research Proposal
A research proposal is intended to achieve two things: to present why a research problem is to be studied and to state the most viable ways of conducting the study. Research proposals are conducted per the design elements and procedures established as standards in the predominant discipline in which the problem resides. This creates exacting guidelines by which research proposals are developed. These guidelines, while stricter, are less formal than the guidelines used for developing general project proposals. Research proposals need to provide persuasive evidence of the need for a study. Thus, research proposals contain extensive literature reviews that are relevant to the intended study. In addition to providing a rationale, a research proposal contains detailed information on the methodology to be used in conducting the study and the professional requirements of the discipline or academic field to which the study is relevant (University of Southern California, 2020).
Selected Topic
The topic selected for the current study is "Attitude of Peers and Development of Prejudice in Adolescence," a topic under Developmental Psychology. The critical importance of adolescence in forming attitudes, political values, and prejudicial attitudes has been studied and established through research. Raabe and Beelmann (2011) concluded that based on the results obtained from a meta-analysis on prejudice during childhood and adolescence, the conclusion drawn from the meta-analysis linked the development of prejudice to age in childhood and social influences in adolescence. As research on this development is rare, there is a lack of longitudinal data on this process (Raabe and Beelmann, 2011).
External influences that trigger the development of prejudicial attitudes, as drawn from modern or symbolic racism theories, include influential role models and society. Further findings from these theories maintained that attitudes are also more likely traceable to socialization in the pre-adult years than due to any current racial threat. These theories directly link any prejudice developed to the type of socialization that occurred in early life. Other studies that have investigated the development of prejudice also connected social networks to prejudice but rarely focused on how peers' attitude affects this development. A majority of these studies postulated that social networks' diversity in early life would reduce ethnic and racial prejudices. These works are based on the contact theory...…the point of measurement) (Caruana, Roman, Hernandez-Sanchez & Solli 2015).
Longitudinal studies are demanding, requiring robust infrastructure, which will last for the duration of the study. To ensure accuracy, data collection, and recording in longitudinal studies have to be standardized to ensure consistency over time in the various study sites. All data collected from the study must be classified according to the information obtained from the individuals involved and at an interval of measure using unique coding systems. In increasing the accuracy of recordings, a recognized classification system is adopted for individual inputs (Caruana et al., 2015).
Ethical issues
In research involving children and adolescents, ethical debates have been held on the appropriate way and time to obtain assent vs. informed consent (for adolescents) and parental consent (Giesbertz, Bredenoord & van Selden, 2014). There are policies and literature that support researchers seeking parental consent and permission from child and adolescent participants. Both the participant and the parent are to decide if to be included in the study. Children's inability to comprehend the risks associated with a research study has been reported in a multi-year longitudinal study. This necessitates the definition of assent as an…
References
Caruana, E., Roman, M., Hernandez-Sanchez, J., & Solli, P. (2015). Longitudinal studies. J Thorac Dis, 7(11). doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.10.63
Crane, S., & Broome, M. (2017). Understanding ethical issues of research participation from the perspective of participating children and adolescents: A systematic review. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs, 14(3), 200-209. DOI: 10.1111/wvn.12209
Dhont, K., Van, H., Alain, D., & Roets, A. (2012). Longitudinal intergroup contact effects on prejudice using self- and observer-reports. British Journal of Social Psychology, 51(2), 221–38.
Giesbertz, N., Bredenoord, A. L., Van Delden, J. M. (2014). Clarifying assent in pediatric research. European Journal of Human Genetics, 22(2), 266–269. DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.119.
The University of Southern California. (2020). Research guides. Retrieved from https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/researchproposal
Prejudice in the Workplace Prejudice and Discrimination in the Workplace Prejudice can be hurtful and destructive. This is true for those impacted directly, but also for the morale within an overall work environment. I witnessed this being carried out at a former employer during a summer job. A Hispanic teen was often given late night shifts that no one else wanted to work. There had been a couple of weekend evening robberies
Prejudice and stereotyping are not new to society, but alert students (and others who are educated as to the dangers of prejudice) should beware of falling into stereotyping that unfairly passes judgment on others who are not like us. Thesis: While it is nearly impossible for people to avoid placing certain groups and individuals into strict stereotypical categories, nevertheless honest, thoughtful people recognize and avoid the injustices perpetrated by stereotyping. Prejudice
Additional (86-87) explanations for racism / discrimination: a) the socialization process (if the parents are racists, the child growing up learns to hate certain racial groups); b) economic competition (when security is threatened, prejudice can come into play; Blacks and Czechs in some instances were biased against Vietnamese immigrants because the Vietnamese were supposedly taking jobs away from those already here in the U.S. And in Czechoslovakia). Ossman presents a
In terms of explicit prejudice, the aftermath of the Holocaust and the subsequent development of psychological theories of prejudice demonstrate the importance of social pressure in deterring explicit prejudices. Explicit prejudice is essentially the blatant expression of implicit prejudices, because all explicit behaviors ultimately have their root in implicit attitudes and ideologies. By increasing social pressure against explicit examples of prejudice, it becomes easier to confront the implicit prejudices
Prejudice The Many Faces of Prejudice If I walk in to a bookstore or browse online I will find hundreds, in fact thousands, of essays, books, articles, and speeches about prejudice. Obviously, most of them are predictably against prejudice. Begin reading any of them at random and chances are good that they will contain the phrases 'don't have prejudice towards people' or 'prejudice is a bad thing,' but what puzzles my mind
Prejudice Origins of Prejudice In order to understand the assertion made by many sociologists regarding the origination of prejudice or foredeeming, it is essential to understand the meaning of prejudice and the differences between prejudice and discrimination. Prejudice is defined as an unfavorable feeling or opinion formed beforehand or without reason, thought or knowledge. Prejudice is further defined as "any unreasonable attitude that is unusually resistant to rational influence (Rosnow 1972, p.