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Female Reproductive Health - Episodic Case Study: Preeclampsia
Patient Information:
Initials: J.D.
Age: 32 years
Sex: Female
Race: Caucasian
Subjective:
CC: Headache and visual disturbances
HPI: Mrs. J.D., a 32-year-old Caucasian female, presents with a headache that started 3 days ago. She describes the pain as pounding, primarily located around her eyes and temples. In addition, her headaches are frequently accompanied by nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia. She also reports that the symptoms intensify after spending long hours on the computer for work. Light bothers her eyes, and although taking Naproxen provides some relief, the pain persists at a 7/10 intensity on a pain scale.
Current Medications:
Naproxen 500mg, taken as needed for headache relief
Allergies:
No known medication, food, or environmental allergies
PMHx:
No significant past major illnesses or surgeries.
Soc & Substance Hx:
Occupation: Office administrator
She practices safe driving habits, and her living environment is in good condition.
Fam Hx:
No family history of genetic or chronic illnesses.
Surgical Hx:
No prior surgical procedures.
Mental Hx:
No diagnosed mental health conditions or current concerns.
Violence Hx:
No safety concerns reported.
Reproductive Hx:
LMP: Date not provided
Gravida: 2
Parity: 1
Contraceptive use: None reported
No sexual concerns reported
ROS:
GENERAL: No weight loss, fever, chills, weakness, or fatigue.
HEENT: No visual loss, blurred vision, double vision, or yellow sclerae. No hearing loss, sneezing, congestion, runny nose, or sore throat.
SKIN: No rash or itching.
CARDIOVASCULAR: No chest pain, chest pressure, palpitations, or edema.
RESPIRATORY: No shortness of breath, cough, or sputum.
GASTROINTESTINAL: No anorexia, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. No abdominal pain or blood.
NEUROLOGICAL: Headache reported. No dizziness, syncope, paralysis, ataxia, numbness, or tingling in the extremities. No change in bowel or bladder control.
MUSCULOSKELETAL: No muscle pain, back pain, joint pain, or stiffness.
HEMATOLOGIC: No anemia, bleeding, or bruising.
LYMPHATICS: No enlarged nodes. No history of splenectomy.
PSYCHIATRIC: No history of depression or anxiety.
ENDOCRINOLOGIC: No reports of sweating or cold or heat intolerance. No polyuria or polydipsia.
GENITOURINARY/REPRODUCTIVE: Patient reports burning on urination. Pregnancy status: approximately 22 weeks. No reports of breast lumps, pain, discharge, or vaginal discharge or pain. Irregular sexual activity reported.
ALLERGIES: No history of asthma, hives, eczema,...…should be educated concerning the signs and symptoms of preeclampsia and the importance of regular prenatal care. In terms of disposition, close monitoring of blood pressure and urine protein levels is crucial. In addition, planned follow-up visits should be scheduled to assess the patient's condition, fetal well-being, and to adjust the treatment plan as needed.
Discussion
The student agrees with the preceptor's treatment of the patient. Preeclampsia is a serious condition during pregnancy that requires prompt diagnosis and management to prevent adverse outcomes (Qian, Y. et al., 2023). Further, the student has also learned the importance of recognizing the signs and symptoms of preeclampsia and the significance of conducting appropriate diagnostic tests in a timely fashion. This case underscored the need for multidisciplinary collaboration and timely referral to specialists for optimal care and clinical outcomes. In future cases, the student would focus on early detection and proactive management of preeclampsia, emphasizing patient education and close monitoring to ensure the best possible outcomes for both the mother…
References
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2019). ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 202: Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 133(1), e1–e25.
Qian, Y. et al. (2023). Literature Overview of Association Between Preeclampsia and Cardiovascular Risk. Anatolian Journal of Cardiology / Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi, 27(4), 179–184.
Smith, C., Fought, A. J., Sung, J. F., McKinney, J. R., Metz, T. D., Fetters, K. B., Lazarus, S., Capraro, S., Barr, E., Glenny, C., Buehler, J., & Weinberg, A. (2023). Congenital malformations and preeclampsia associated with integrase inhibitor use in pregnancy: A single-center analysis. PLoS ONE, 17(6), 1–17.
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