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Children of Alcoholics
When many people think of substance abuse, they think of illegal drugs such as marijuana or cocaine, but the truth is that many young people, including young teenagers and even some younger children, consume alcohol, and in alarming amounts. While the trend was temporarily reversed in the 1980's, numbers have risen since then along with an increase in accompanying serious problems (Wodarski, 2004). This has caused professionals to question whether the preventive efforts we have made, such as DARE programs, have been effective or not (Wodarski, 2004).
Unfortunately for today's youth, many are particularly vulnerable to substance abuse, which often starts with alcohol, because of other factors in their lives. Fortunately, however, the factors that make them amenable to alcohol abuse also make them amenable to programs that can identify them and provide preventative strategies (Wodarski, 2004). These strategies, however, have to be carefully chosen so that they are both developmentally and culturally sensitive, and they need to address the social and environmental factors that contribute to the youths' susceptibility to substance abuse (Wodarski, 2004).
One clearly defined environmental...
In families where one or both parents abuse alcohol, the children are more likely to show behavioral problems and will show lower achievement in school than children without such a family history (Cadaviera, 2003). This pattern has been studied. Researchers found that youth were more likely to abuse alcohol if the mother drank excessively or if the mother became angry when drinking than if the father did. This fact was magnified if the youth avoided his or her mother when she was drinking, Youth who grew up in such homes were more likely to have other difficulties along with alcohol dependence, including a higher risk for use of other drugs, increase risk for developing conduct disorder, and increased risk for developing a major depressive disorder. Clearly, family history has a significant impact on development of alcohol dependence in youth.
While research shows that early intervention for youthful alcohol abuse can be effective, these children are not always identified. While most pediatricians believe they can help prevent alcohol abuse in their patients, in…
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Cadaveira, Fernando. 2003. "Neuropsychological characteristics of young children from high-density alcoholism families: a three-year follow-up." Journal of Studies on Alcohol, March.
Marcell, Arik V. 2003. " Screening and counseling for adolescent alcohol use among primary care physicians in the United States." Pediatrics, Jan.
Nurnberger, John, Jr. 2004. "Parental substance use consequences and adolescent psychopathology." Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Nov.
Wodarski, John S. 2004. "Adolescent substance use: reviewing the effectiveness of prevention strategies." Social Work, July.
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